investigating the effects of the neonatal factors and therapeutic modalities on neonatal mortality in neonatal intensive care unit of shahid motahhari haspital, urmia: case-control group study     mohadesi h [1] , khalkhali hr [2] *, fakor z [3] , azadi j [4]     received: 29 nov, 2012 accepted: 13 feb, 2013       abstract   background & aims : neonate is a vulnerable being and its death depend...

We consider the spectrum of birth and death chains on a n-path. An iterative scheme is proposed to compute any eigenvalue with exponential convergence rate independent of n. This allows one to determine the whole spectrum in order n elementary operations. Using the same idea, we also provide a lower bound on the spectral gap, which is of the correct order on some classes of examples.

Spectral measures and transition probabilities of birth and death processes with A0 #o 0 are obtained as limite when Ao 0+ of the corresponding quantities. In pa,rticula th(, case of finite population is discussed in full detail. Pure birth and death processes are used to derive an inequality for Dirichlet polynomials.

We explore the effect of fixed versus dynamic group membership on public good provision. In a novel experimental design, we modify the traditional voluntary contribution mechanism (VCM) by periodically replacing old members of a group with new members over time. Under this dynamic, overlapping generations matching protocol we find that average contributions experience significantly less decay o...

We discuss a simple model for creation of entanglement in a system composed of two two-level atoms interacting with a common environment. The role of the environment in entangling and disentangling of the atoms is explored. We demonstrate how the spontaneous decay of an initial excitation of the system can create a transient entanglement between the atoms. The opposite situation is also discuss...

It has been known for a long time that for birth-and-death processes started in zero the first passage time of a given level is distributed as a sum of independent exponentially distributed random variables, the parameters of which are the negatives of the eigenvalues of the stopped process. Recently, Diaconis and Miclo have given a probabilistic proof of this fact by constructing a coupling be...

The purpose of this note is to point out that Karlin and McGregor’s integral representation for the transition probabilities of a birth-death process on a semi-infinite lattice with an absorbing bottom state remains valid if one allows the possibility of absorption into the bottom state from any other state. Conditions for uniqueness of the minimal transition function are also given.

abstract background: in 1958, silverman demonstrated that maintenance ofbody temperature reduces mortality in low birth weight infants. from the early 1990s it was already recognized that adequate environmental warmth was essential in the case of newborns. however, neonatal hypothermia continues to be a significant issue in developing countries. methods: in order to describe the incidence and s...