introduction: fasting during the holy month of ramadan is an obligation for all adult, healthy muslims. as several studies have indicated, both fasting and energy restriction can alter thyroid hormone metabolism and affect the clinical features and well-being of hypothyroid patients. hypothyroidism is more prevalent among women and the elderly. its prevalence has been reported to be 4-8% of the...

conclusions despite the relatively high level of knowledge in the context of the general principles of a diet to prevent ramadan-related complications, practical training in regard to the amounts of nutrients associated with ramadan-related complications is both necessary and recommended. background ramadan fasting is associated with some lifestyle changes. a lack of nutritional needs knowledge...

OBJECTIVES To assess the association between calcium intake and body composition in African Black and White women. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Metabolic unit. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 106 White and 102 Black healthy urban women, 20-50 years old, stratified for body mass index (BMI). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Dietary calcium intake, fat intake, BMI, percentage body fat...

During the Islamic lunar month of Ramadan millions of Muslims abstain from drinking and eating from dawn to sunset. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of intermittent Islamic fasting on reproductive function, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones in men. We measured serum levels of FSH. LH, testosterone, prolactin, FSH, T4...

OBJECTIVE Liver handling of thyroid hormones (TH) has been known to alter significantly during fasting. This study investigates whether renal handling of TH is also changed during fasting. METHODS We measured urinary excretion rates and clearances of free tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) and free thyroxine (T(4)) in healthy subjects prior to and on the third day of fasting. RESULTS During fasting, ...

OBJECTIVE Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 is an endocrine factor with potent metabolic effects. Its day-night patterns of secretion and/or its physiological response to energy deprivation and relationship to free fatty acids (FFAs) and/or leptin remain to be fully elucidated. We aim to elucidate day-night pattern of FGF-21 levels and its relationship to FFA, to assess whether energy deprivati...

Diagnosis. An A1c of 6.5% or greater, confirmed by second test, is diagnostic of diabetes. Alternatively, diabetes can be diagnosed by two separate fasting glucoses ≥ 126 mg/dL; with symptoms, a glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL confirmed on a separate day by a fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL; or 2-hour postload glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl during an oral glucose tolerance test [B]. (See Table 1. See Table 2 for differen...