From 2012 to 2015, we measured surface ozone, NOx, NO2, and NO levels at three urban sites (Mapipa, Ubungo, and Posta) and two suburban sites (Kunduchi and Vijibweni) in the city of Dar es Salaam and in the village of Mwetemo, a rural area of Bagamoyo, Tanzania. The average hourly O3 concentrations at all sites were between 9 ppb and 30 ppb during our sampling periods. O3 levels at suburban sit...

In this paper, we are investigating an antibody drug conjugate (ADC) with a cysteine linker. The Agilent 1290 Infinity II liquid chromatography system connected to a PLRP-S reversed phase liquid chromatography column was used to separate restored light and heavy chains and light and heavy chains of the corresponding drug linkers. Each chromatographic peak was verified through the Agilent 6530 H...

Viral hepatitis during pregnancy is associated with high risk of maternal complications and has become a leading cause of fetal death. So the main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C viral infections among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic in Bahir Dar health institutions, Ethiopia. This was institutional based cross-sectional study that included 31...

Dar is a Portuguese verb used prototypically in the prepositional dative construction, e.g.: ele deu um anel de diamantes para noiva (in English, he gave diamond ring to his bride ). According Goldberg (1995), this kind of transference meaning emerges from interaction following semantic roles and syntactic functions: an agent as subject, patient direct object recipient indirect object. Although...

Ion regulation is a biological process crucial to the survival of mosquito larvae and a major organ responsible for this regulation is the rectum. The recta of anopheline larvae are distinct from other subfamilies of mosquitoes in several ways, yet have not yet been characterized extensively. Here we characterize the two major cell types of the anopheline rectum, DAR and non-DAR cells, using hi...

BACKGROUND The Norwegian model for opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) "Drug-assisted rehabilitation" (DAR) is a cross-disciplinary tripartite model for the treatment of opioid dependence. The model requires collaboration among GPs, the social services and the specialist health services. To some degree it restricts the doctor's professional autonomy. The investigation aims to examine GPs' attitu...

OBJECTIVE Quantitative electroencephalographic (QEEG) indices sensitive to abnormal slow (relative to faster) activity power seem uniquely informative for clinical management of ischaemic stroke (IS), including around acute reperfusion therapies. However these have not been compared between IS and control samples. The primary objective was to identify the QEEG slowing index and threshold value ...

Antiretroviral (ARV) drug toxicities pose treatment challenges and contribute to poor adherence. This study was carried out to document the commonly reported adverse reactions caused by ARV drugs in HIV patients in Tanzania. Information on drug induced adverse reactions (ADRs) in patients using ARV drugs was collected from the databases maintained in HIV clinics of Dar es Salaam and Mbeya. A to...

BACKGROUND There are no methodologically rigorous studies of the incidence of stroke in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to provide reliable data on the incidence of stroke in rural and urban Tanzania. METHODS The Tanzania Stroke Incidence Project (TSIP) recorded stroke incidence in two well defined demographic surveillance sites (DSS) over a 3-year period from June, 2003. The Hai DSS (population...

In this paper we introduce the SpeakCorrect system which is a Computer Aided Pronunciation Training (CAPT) system for native Arabic students of English. The system is designed with optimized performance for the target users group. It is L1 dependent system and only the frequent pronunciation errors of native Arabic speakers are examined. Several adaptation techniques such as Speaker Adaptive Tr...