More than 150 years ago, Virchow proposed that abnormalities in blood flow, vessel wall and blood components predispose to thrombosis, constituting what is now known as ‘Virchow’s triad’ for thrombogenesis. This rather simplistic view has been continually modified by new discoveries and concepts, as we now know that the process of thrombus formation requires complex interactions involving injur...

Elephant seals are naturally adapted to survive up to three months of absolute food and water deprivation (fasting). Prolonged food deprivation in terrestrial mammals increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative damage and inflammation that can be induced by an increase in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). To test the hypothesis that prolonged fasting in elephant seals is not...

introduction: periodontitis is an inflammatory disease, for which, scaling and root planning (srp) is the common approach for non-surgical control of inflammation. using lasers is another approach in the first phase of periodontal treatment for control of inflammation. diode laser has some beneficial effects such as acceleration of wound healing, promotion of angiogenesis and augmentation of gr...

Serum and urinary urate concentrations were studied in 44 patients with homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease, and in 27 controls with normal haemoglobin. Hyperuricaemia (>0.39 mmol/l (6.5 mg/100 ml)) occurred in 41% of SS patients and inversely correlated with renal urate clearance but not with indices of bone marrow turnover. Higher serum urate concentrations occurred in patients with proteinur...

The value of CSF enzyme estimations as indices of the extent of brain damage was studied in the experimental situation. Standard cold lesions of different severity were induced in cats. The activities of the enzymes CPK, HBDH, LDH, GOT, AND ChE were studied at half hour intervals in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The ventricular and cisternal fluid pressure, and the arterial blood pressure were...