We investigate the relationship between level of a bounded complex over commutative ring with respect to class Gorenstein projective modules and other invariants or ring, such as dimension, Krull dimension. The results build upon work done by J. D. Christensen [7], H. Altmann et al. [1], Avramov [4] for levels finitely generated modules.

We describe the Chow ring with rational coefficients of M0,1(P , d) as the subring of invariants of a ring B(M0,1(P , d);Q), relative to the action of the group of symmetries Sd. We compute B(M0,1(P , d);Q) by following a sequence of intermediate spaces for M0,1(P , d). Introduction The moduli spaces of stable maps from curves to smooth projective varieties were introduced by M.Kontsevich and Y...

The title compound, C(24)H(30)O(5), is the didehydro product of the steroid hellebrigenin (systematic name: 3β,5,14-trihy-droxy-19-oxo-5β-bufa-20,22-dienolide). It consists of three cyclo-hexane rings (A, B and C), a five-membered ring (D) and a six-membered lactone ring (E). The stereochemistry of the ring junctions are A/B cis, B/C trans and C/D cis. Cyclo-hexane rings A, B and C have normal ...

Vehicular networks are an emerging network to improve safety, efficiency, and convenience of the existing transportation system. In order to preserve privacy in vehicular networks, it is desirable to keep users anonymous. In this paper, we argue that existing approaches, for example, ring singature and anonymous authentication, are susceptible to intersection attack in vehicular networks, resul...

A formula of a steroid compound is easily recognized by its four-membered hydrocarbon core (Fig. 1.1a). My little grand daughter called it “a little cottage”, more advanced beginners may recall the term “cyclopentenoperhydrophenanthrene”. All the thousands of natural and synthetic steroids are derivatives of that core. Ring A is the cyclohexane ring on the left; it is attached to another six-me...

The primary DNA lesion induced by malondialdehyde, a byproduct of lipid peroxidation and prostaglandin synthesis, is 3-(2'-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-pyrimido[1, 2-a]purin-10(3H)-one (M1G). When placed opposite cytosine (underlined) at neutral pH in either the d(GGTMTCCG).d(CGGACACC) or d(ATCGCMCGGCATG). d(CATGCCGCGCGAT) duplexes, M1G spontaneously and quantitatively converts to the r...

The title compound, C(25)H(20)N(2)O(4), is a new spiro-isoxazoline derivative. It contains a five-membered isoxazoline ring (A), a tetra-lone unit (E and D), a 4-nitro-phenyl substituent (B), and a phenyl ring (C). The isoxazoline ring (A) has an envelope conformation, while the cyclo-hexenone ring (D) has an inter-mediate sofa/half-chair conformation. The aromatic ring of the 4-nitro-phenyl su...

In recent years the cohomology ring of the moduli space Ng(2, d) of rank two and odd degree d stable bundles over a Riemann surface M of genus g ≥ 2 has been extensively studied [2], [5], [10], [11]. The subring H(Ng(2, d);Q) Γ of H(Ng(2, d);Q) which is invariant under the induced action of the mapping class group Γ of M has also been much studied and has been shown to play a central role in th...