The mixing behavior of the gas-liquid phase in three loop bioreactors was investigated. A gas-induced External Airlift Loop Bioreactor (EALB), a forced-liquid Vertical Tubular Loop Bioreactor (VTLB) and a forced-liquid Horizontal Tubular Loop Bioreactor (HTLB) were used for mixing studies as well as biomass production from natural gas. The effect of design parameters, riser to downcomer cro...

We use a topology optimization method to design 1-3 piezocomposites with optimal performance characteristics for hydrophone applications. The performance characteristics we focus on are the hydrostatic charge coefficient d spd h , the hydrophone figure of merit d spd h g spd h , and the electromechanical coupling factor k spd h . The piezocomposite consists of piezoelectric rods embedded in an ...

in this study, the ashes of poplar tree leaves are applied as an efficient, accessible and inexpensive biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals pb2+ and cu+2 in aqueous solutions. in the adsorption processes, the success of the ions removal highly depends on the level of several experimental factors such as ph, contact time, adsorbent dosage and temperature. therefore, a genuine statistical e...

The preset response surface methodology (RSM) designs are commonly used in a wide range of process and design optimization applications. Although they offer ease of implementation and good performance, they are not sufficiently adaptive to reduce the required number of experiments and thus are not cost effective for applications with high cost of experimentation. We propose an efficient adaptiv...

Micron-wood-fiber molded products are new kinds of high strength man-made wooden products. They are innovative products among molded fiber products nowadays. This paper studied a new method to design their screw joints using optimal design. It has combined the optimal design with reliability design ingeniously. The CAD programming method was put forward, which can optimize the structural parame...

In this paper D-optimal designs for free knot least squares spline estimation are investigated. In contrast to most of the literature on optimal design for spline regression models it is assumed that the knots of the spline are also estimated from the data, which yields to optimal design problems for nonlinear models. In some cases local D-optimal designs can be found explicitly. Moreover, it i...

A cybernetic framework is presented which views microbial response in multiple substrate environments as a judicious investment of cellular resources in synthesizing different key proteins according to an optimal regulatory strategy. A mathematical model is developed within the cybernetic framework for the diauxic growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae on a mixture of D-glucose and D-xylose. The "bang...

When the number of data used for an identification experiment is small, the data contain transient effects and these effects contribute to the accuracy of the identified model. Consequently, when designing the optimal input signal for an identification experiment in the case of small data set, these transient effects have to be taken into account. In this paper, we present a methodology for opt...

In the common linear and quadratic regression model with an autoregressive error structure exact D-optimal designs for weighted least squares analysis are determined. It is demonstrated that for highly correlated observations the Doptimal design is close to the equally spaced design. Moreover, the equally spaced design is usually very efficient, even for moderate sizes of the correlation, while...