To determine serum cytokine profiles in Graves' disease (GD) patients with or without active and inactive thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), we recruited 65 subjects: 10 GD only (without TAO), 25 GD + active TAO, 20 GD + TAO, and 10 healthy controls. Liquid chip assay was used to measure serum Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines including IFN-γ (interferon-gamma), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), ...

atopic dermatitis (ad) is a common chronically relapsing skin disease associated with abnormal cytokine production, and activation of t-helper 2 cells. the aim if this study was to determine whether cytokine gene polymorphisms might influence the development of ad. single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes for i-l1alpha, il-1beta, il-1r, il-2, il-4, il-6, il-10, il-12, tgf beta, tnf and ifng...

BACKGROUND Fluorescence-enhancing microarray on plasmonic gold film is an attractive alternative to traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for cytokine detection because of the increased sensitivity. The assay chemistry is similar to an ELISA sandwich assay, but owing to the gold substrate, cytokine measurements are 10 to 100 times more sensitive and can be multiplexed. Plasmonic...

background: because of high morbidity of the brucellosis in humans and the potential use of the microorganism as an agent of biologic warfare, protection of effective vaccines and specific diagnostic reagents become necessary to eradicate brucellosis. objective: in this study we aimed to investigate the cytokine responses and changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subgroups of acute brucellosis...

background: pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and polymorphisms of their genes have been described to be involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriage (rm). objective: to investigate the association between rm and five polymorphisms of cytokine genes, interleukin 10 (il-10), (-592 a/c, -819 c/t, -1082 a/g), il-6 (-174 c/g) and il-17 (-197 g/a) in iranian women. method: po...

objective(s): this study aimed to investigate the role and the possible mechanisms involved in the immunoregulation of experimental periodontitis by th17/treg. materials and methods: experimental periodontitis was established by silk thread ligation with porphyromonasgingivalis daubing in the bilateral maxillary second molar of male sprague-dawley (sd) rats. alveolar bones were scanned by micro...

the role of transforming growth factor (tgf)-β1, interferon (ifn)-γ, interleukin (il)-2, il-3, and il-6 in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad) has long been reported in literature. in this case-control study, the concentrations of these cytokines in altered t lymphocytes, as well as serum vitamin b12, have been compared in terms of factors such as, age, the clinical course and the pati...

one of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of the immune system by steroid hormones could be the monocytic-macrophage system. in this study the effect of the male hormone 5a-dht on cytokine release by peritoneal macrophages (mφ) of male and female nzb/balbc mice was investigated. macrophages from male mice activated with lps produced a greater amount of il-1β (21.8%) (p<0.05) and il-6 (19...

the aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of spirulina platensis (s.platensis) by measuring the levels of serum interleukin (il)-4, il-10, il-17, tumor necrosis factor(tnf)-α and interferon (ifn)-|γ| in mice suffered from systemic candidiasis and breast cancer. theaqueous extract of s. platensis was selected for this study. balb/c female mice were inoculated withcand...

background and objectives: numerous procedures in biology and medicine require the counting of cells. direct enumer- ation of colony forming units (cfus) is time-consuming and dreary accurate cell counting on plates with high numbers of cfus is error prone. in this study we report a new indirect cell counting method that was developed based on the use of redsafe fluorometric assay. the usefulne...