ed from the agent.

In this paper we discuss an integration of the Beer cybernetic oriented management theory and Saaty's hierarchical approach to assess management problems in a more quantitative way.

This paper shows the results of research activities for building the representative model of the learning process in virtual spaces (e-Learning). The formal basis of the model are supported in the analysis of models of learning assessment in virtual spaces and specifically in Dembo ́s teaching learning model, the systemic approach to evaluating virtual learning by Badrul H. Khan, and the Cyberne...

In his 1940s empirical study of evasive aircraft actions, N. Wiener, the father of cybernetics, founds out that the pilot’s actions follow a Wienertype-process. In this paper, we explain this empirical result by showing that such evasive actions are indeed optimal against the 1940s anti-aircraft guns.

This article reviews the literature on quantitatively oriented approaches for determining the optimal lot-size when supplier offers credit period to the retailer to settle their account. An attempt is made to provide an up-to-date review of existing literature, concentrating on descriptions of the types of problems that have been solved and important structural results.