Correlated equilibrium [1] generalizes Nash equilibrium to allow correlation devices. Aumann showed an example of a game, and of a correlated equilibrium in this game, in which the agents’ surplus (expected sum of payoffs) is greater than their surplus in all mixedstrategy equilibria. Following the idea initiated by the price of anarchy literature [2, 3] this suggests the study of two major mea...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate attitudes towards the donation of surplus embryos among couples with cryopreserved embryos/zygotes, and to identify correlates associated with attitudes toward the destinations of surplus embryos/zygotes. METHODS Eleven of 19 Swiss in vitro fertilization (IVF) centers in existence in 2004 participated in the survey. Questionnaires were s...

Integrating customers into the innovation process is gaining popularity among companies as means of addressing competitive and market pressures. At the same time, companies are faced with the challenge of selecting appropriate customer integration methods to sustain customers’ engagement and elicit contributions that are useful. We draw from previous research in consumer behaviour to identify c...

One of the basic concepts in marketing is the concept of meeting customers’ needs. Since customer satisfaction is essential for lasting survival and development of a business, screening and observing customer satisfaction and recognizing its underlying factors must be one of the key activities of every business. The purpose of this study is to recognize the drivers that effect customer satisfac...

mobile technology and mobile learning are considered as important and impressive factors in earning the organizational competencies and achieving competitive advantages and customer loyalty. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of mobile technology in customer loyalty. the mellat bank mobile services are entering a new transition period. in response, the banking industrial is shift...

Introduction Recent advances in the ability to track and analyze customer traces in electronic commerce have led to a lively debate about the promise of dynamic pricing. On the promise side, online retailers may use the customer’s browsing behavior to learn about aggregate and individual preferences. This type of information would enable online retailers to personalize pricing with coupons and ...

This paper analyzes the numerical impact of different surplus distribution mechanisms on the risk exposure of a life insurance company selling with profit life insurance policies with a cliquet-style interest rate guarantee. Three representative companies are considered, each using a different type of surplus distribution: A mechanism, where the guaranteed interest rate also applies to surplus ...

This essay will attempt, first and foremost, a definitive exposition of Marx’s theory of productive and unproductive labour.1 This theory is presented in the three volumes of Capital and in Theories of Surplus Value—Marx’s projected historico-critical fourth volume.2 This seems useful and necessary for several reasons. First, as one of the most suspect legacies of classical political economy, i...