This paper presents a novel framework to generating efficient custom instructions for common configurable processors with limited numbers of I/O ports in the register files and fixed-length instruction formats, such as RISCs. Unlike previous approaches which generate a single custom instruction from each subgraph, our approach generates a sequence of multiple custom instructions from each subgr...

Multimedia and communication algorithms from the embedded system domain often make extensive use of floating-point arithmetic. Due to the complexity and expense of the floatingpoint hardware, these algorithms are usually converted to fixed point operations, or implemented using floating-point emulation in software. This study presents the design and implementation of custom floating-point units...

In this Essay, we examine a case in which the organizational and logistical demands of a novel form of organ exchange (the nonsimultaneous, extended, altruistic donor (NEAD) chain) do not map cleanly onto standard cultural schemas for either market or gift exchange, resulting in sociological ambiguity and legal uncertainty. In some ways, a NEAD chain resembles a form of generalized exchange, an...

Custom-made and off-the-shelf functional knee orthoses from four manufacturers were evaluated. Anterior tibial translation testing was performed using a pneumatic mechanical surrogated knee. The mechanical surrogate was interfaced with a servohydraulic materials testing system, which applied all anterior/posterior displacements to an ultimate anterior load of 400 N. Comparison of the individual...

ion, but total system optimization implies the simultaneous specification of all 1 Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv, Israel.

A review of fifty patients with wide ranging clinical conditions who had been fitted with one-piece moulded plastic spinal orthoses was carried out to determine prescription criteria for these orthoses. The review showed that patients with scoliosis (idiopathic and paralytic), kyphoscoliosis, as well as a selected number of patients with low back pain derive benefit. Patients with kyphosis and ...

The research goal of this project is to devise CAD techniques for the performancedirected synthesis of digital VLSI circuits, focused on digital signal processing applications. The main goal is to develop expert system techniques that are designed to yield optimal performance in these signal processing systems through a fundamental approach to the design task. An overall design involves the spe...

This paper addresses the issues that are appropriate when considering custom silicon for tomographic instrumentation. The whole range of mask and field programmable custom silicon options are described. These embrace full custom, mask-programmable gate array, cell-based IC and field programmable logic devices. Attention is drawn to economic considerations. It is noted that there is a shortage o...

Variation has become a critical concern in modern process geometries; managing it properly is key in designing custom circuits with competitive performance, power, and area. This paper describes how a flow using design-specific corners manages variation issues in a unified fashion. To enable corner-based design, the key ingredients are corner extraction and design verification tools. This paper...