We classify the possible shapes of cosmic string cusps and how they transform under Lorentz boosts. A generic cusp can be brought into a form in which the motion of the cusp tip lies in the plane of the cusp. The cusp whose motion is perpendicular to this plane, considered by some authors, is a special case and not the generic situation. We redo the calculation of the energy in the region where...

The pion mass difference generates a pronounced cusp in K → 3π decays. As has recently been pointed out by Cabibbo and Isidori, an accurate measurement of the cusp may allow one to pin down the S-wave ππ scattering lengths to high precision. Here, we present and illustrate an effective field theory framework that allows one to determine the structure of this cusp in a straightforward manner. Th...

The teeth are formed during intrauterine life (i.e., gestation) during the odontogenesis stage. During this period, the teeth move until they enter the oral cavity. This course covers various stages of dental development, namely, initiation, proliferation, histodifferentiation, morphodifferentiation, and apposition. The talon cusp is an anomaly that occurs during morphodifferentiation, and this...

AIM To report the successful and conservative management of a fractured immature permanent maxillary incisor tooth with talon cusp by fracture reattachment. SUMMARY Coronal fractures of the maxillary anterior teeth are common dental injuries. Among these, the complicated fractures especially in immature teeth require an unambiguous treatment without any delay. When the tooth fragment is avail...

We investigate the growth conditions necessary to form an ordered quantum dot crystal by capping spatially ordered quantum dots and growing a new layer of dots on top of the capping layer. Performing Monte Carlo simulations and developing analytic arguments based on the stress energy function, we demonstrate the existence of an optimal capping layer thickness, external flux, and temperature for...