The surface water is a reflection of the climatic and topographical conditions basin in study area, affects estimation amount runoff on inside basin. It also possible to measure running know periods increase, scarcity this quantity, other hand, take advantage from for all fields uses. Qalachwalan one basins located at north city Sulaymaniyah with an area (876.1) km2, its sources are within bord...

estimation of pure runoff is a house virtually is complex and different methods of calculation have been proposed. modern methods of solving problems in river engineering and water homes and assess the flow method is used, is that the artificial network pattern of human brain neural network training process, while implementation of the internal relationships between the data and discover for ot...

Forest to oil palm plantations conversion has changed soil's physical properties significantly. It caused significant changes in the hydrological cycle and affects water resources around research site. One of strategies that could minimize negative impact monoculture is better plantation management by implementing a mixed cropping system (agroforestry). This study aims analyze infiltration, sur...

Precipitation that falls in a watershed undergoes three hydrological processes: evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge, and river runoff. Using the long-term average stream discharge of a watershed, one can estimate the long-term average evapotranspiration portion of the precipitation by using the precipitation minus the normalized river discharge. In addition, by partitioning the stream disc...

Abstract Land-use changes often have significant impact on the water cycle, including changing groundwater/surface-water interactions, modifying groundwater recharge zones, and increasing risk of contamination. Surface runoff in particular is significantly impacted by land cover. As surface can act as a carrier for contaminants found at surface, it important to characterize dynamics anthropogen...

Abstract Various hydrological models were used in different river basins to simulate the runoff on available rainfall, land use and soil property data. The HEC-HMS model is by several researchers estimate water potential of basin through rainfall-runoff modeling. In this study, a for Punpun has been developed using HEC-HMS. Daily rainfall data from years 2005 2017 development model. ArcGIS anal...