The compostion of the oils from flower and leaf of Achillea mellifolium L. subsp. mellifolium were collected during the flowering priod from Lar area to Damavand montain, altitude 3400 m in July 2003. The essential oils obtained by different methods of distillation (steam distillation and hydro-distillation), the percentage of oils for flower and leaf by steam distillation were 0.2 and 0.05% an...

Biochemists have long recognized the central role of acetate in the energy metabolism of most forms of life. But whereas for most organisms the supply of acetate, or rather its active form, acetyl coenzyme A, is almost entirely endogenous, ruminant animals have a large exogenous supply of acetate, which is produced in the rumen by microbial fermentation of ingested foodstuffs. In the ruminant, ...

An in vitro gas production technique was used to evaluate the effects of different adsorbents on the gas production parameters of lead-exposed diet. Ruminal fluid, obtained from fistulated sheep (3-4 years of age and 40±5 kg BW), and experimental diets samples, 200 ± 0.2 mg DM, were incubated in 100 mL glass bottles. To each bottle, one of the following treatments was applied: 1) control (no Pb...

Acetate turnover in the methanogenic freshwater anoxic sediments of Lake Vechten, The Netherlands, and in anoxic sediments from the Tamar Estuary, United Kingdom, and the Grosser Jasmunder Bodden, Germany, the latter two dominated by sulfate reduction, was determined. Stable isotopes and radioisotopes, inhibitors (chloroform and fluoroacetate), and methane flux were used to provide independent ...

  Background: Lavender’s essential oil is commonly used in aromatherapy and massage. Its major clinical benefits are on the central nervous system. Linalyl acetate and linalool are the most predominant chemical constituents in the essential oil of Lavandula angustifolia.   Objective: Comparison of super critical fluid extraction (SCFE) and hydrodistillation (HD) methods on Lavander΄s essential ...

Clostridium ljungdahlii is a strictly anaerobic acetogene known for its ability to ferment a wide variety of substrates to ethanol and acetate. This bacterium presents a complex anaerobic metabolism including the acetogenic and solventogenic phases. In this study, the effect of various carbon sources on triggering the metabolic shift toward solventogenesis was considered. The bacterium was grow...

Acetate ester, which are produced by fermenting yeast cells in an enzyme-catalyzed intracellular reaction, are responsible for the fruity character of fermented alcoholic beverages such as Chinese yellow rice wine. Alcohol acetyltransferase (AATase) is currently believed to be the key enzyme responsible for the production of acetate ester. In order to determine the precise role of the ATF2 gene...

The role of peripheral vascular tone in the development of hypotension induced by dialysis was investigated in eight patients undergoing haemodialysis with acetate or bicarbonate buffered fluid. Each patient had two sessions of dialysis with acetate fluid and two with bicarbonate fluid in the order acetate, bicarbonate, bicarbonate, acetate or bicarbonate, acetate, acetate, bicarbonate. Mean ar...

Strains of Escherichia coli lacking all cytoplasmic chemotaxis proteins except CheY swim smoothly under most conditions. However, they tumble when exposed to acetate. Acetate coenzyme A synthetase (EC 6.2.1.1) was thought to be essential for this response. New evidence suggests that the tumbling is mediated instead by acetate kinase (EC 2.7.2.1), which might phosphorylate CheY via acetyl phosph...

We report measurements of the magnetic susceptibility of single crystals of Mn12-acetate-MeOH, a newlysynthesized high-symmetry variant of the original single molecule magnet Mn12-acetate. A comparison of these data to theory and to data for the Mn12-acetate material shows that Mn12-acetate-MeOH is a realization of a transverse-field Ising ferromagnet in contrast to the original Mn12-acetate ma...