the present paper aims for the most part to prove the fact that religious and spiritual places and above all, mosques play major roles within islamic urban areas. they are in fact the basis of civil infrastructures. a historical analysis focusing on where mosques stand in islamic urban areas reveals that mosques have always been the center of development and growth and that they must be studied...

Between the 15th and 20th centuries, Tosora was a small city in Wajo Kingdom. During its development, became centre of global trade Bugis civilisation produced several artefacts potential cultural heritage value which were damaged during war with Dutch century. These artefacts, include Islamic architecture, urban infrastructure, graves important personages Wayo Kingdom, risk disappearing if the...