Background:  Health literacy as a vital indicator of health care costs plays an important role in facilitating effective health communication strategies. Screening is one of these strategies, so that intervention and management can be provided ahead of schedule. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between health literacy and men's practices and their attitude toward   prosta...

cervical and supraclavicular lymph nodes metastases generally arise from carcinomas of the head and neck. metastases to cervical lymph nodes from the prostate are very rare. the common site for lymph node metastasis from the prostate is infradiaphrag- matic. herein, we report a 69 year-old male who presented with cervical lymph node enlargement in the setting of prostate cancer. this type of pr...

background: for the purpose of individual clinical target volume assessment in radiotherapy of prostate cancer, mrsi was used as a molecular imaging modality with mri and ct images. materials and methods: the images of 20 prostate cancer patients were used in this study. the mr and mrsi images were registered with ct ones using non-rigid registration technique. the ct based planning (bp), ct/mr...

background: to evaluate the dosimetric difference between conventional and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3d-crt) using 6 and 18 mv x-ray photons. materials and methods: computed tomography scans of 26 pelvic patients were acquired and transferred to the 3d treatment planning system. for each patient, 8 conventional plans (3, 4, 5 and 6 fields) and one 3d-crt plan were prepared using...

background: the metabolically active tumor cells may be characterized by a pronounced adenosine release that regulates the growth and development of the tumor. consequently, the expression pattern of defined receptor subtypes will be an important determinant for specific effects of adenosine on the control of tumor cell growth. in recent studies, the expression profile, signal transduction, mol...

anti-androgens are an assorted group of drugs and compounds that reduce the levels or activity of androgen hormones within the human body. disease states in which this is relevant include polycystic ovarian syndrome, hirsutism, acne, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and endocrine related cancers such as carcinoma of the prostate. we provide an overview and discussion of the use of anti-androgen me...

prostate cancer is a devastating disease for which current therapies are inadequate. various lines of evidences have suggested the 5-lipoxygenase (5-lox) pathway and the leukotriene receptor pathway are potential targets for prevention or treatment of prostate cancer. thus, search for new anti-cancer drugs targeting 5-lox and leukotriene is very essential and important. the objective of the pre...

Background: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a main component of multiparametric MRI for prostate cancer detection. Recently, high b value DWI has gained more attention because of its capability for tumor characterization. Objective: To assess based on histopathological findings of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy as a reference, an...

Prostate cancer remains a major public health problem worldwide. Imaging plays an important role in the assessment of disease at all its clinical phases, including staging, restaging after definitive therapy, evaluation of therapy response, and prognostication. Positron emission tomography with a number of biologically targeted radiotracers has been demonstrated to have potential diagnostic and...