The concentration of digoxin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of ten patients receiving conventional oral doses of this cardiac glycoside has been measured by a radioimmunoassay technique. Digoxin was undetected in eight patients and barely detectable in two, suggesting the presence of a significant blood-CSF barrier for digoxin. The implication of these findings is discussed.

Using deep sequencing, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resistance-associated mutations were detected as minority species in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 4 patients with higher HIV type 1 RNA load in CSF than in plasma, but not in 2 patients with higher plasma viral load. Deep sequencing could help our understanding of viral escape in the central nervous system.

This article discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. An overview of traumatic CSF leaks is presented, and both conservative and operative therapies are reviewed. Management decisions are discussed based on the current literature. Controversial clinical topics are addressed, including the use of prophylactic antibiotics and the timing o...

Objective: To determine the frequency of early post-traumatic CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) rhinorrhea in patients with head trauma. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted Department Neurosurgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from 13th December 2019 to 12th 2020. This comprised 155 who had suffered All were followed for one week. If developed clear, watery discharge...

Intracranial pressure (ICP) is a dynamic and fluctuating within the cranial vault influenced by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), brain tissue, blood. Any increase in volume of its contents will vault. As response to ICP, compensation begins movement CSF from ventricle cerebral subarachnoid space increases absorption. Increased ICP state neurological emergency caused various injuries. It associated wi...

?-Synuclein aggregation is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease and promising biomarker for early detection assessment progression. The prospect molecular test materializing with the recent developments methods based on amplification synuclein seeds (e.g. RT-QuIC or PMCA). Here we adapted single-molecule counting ?-synuclein aggregates in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), using simple 3D printed microsco...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ascites is a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal (PV) shunt. The etiological factors and especially the mechanisms underlying this remain difficult to explain. We report case voluminous CSF complicating PV shunt, 15 years later. This 16-year-old patient, valved at age one year, admitted for major abdominal distension. scanner shows large free collection in perito...

Cancers, especially of the neural tissue, are often deemed a death sentence. There is, however, still no clear understanding underlying causes nor cellular and molecular mechanisms this disease. The spread collateral damage caused by various types brain tumors remain poorly understood, despite information that is currently available about these diseases. A common means diagnosing through cerebr...

The AMPLICOR Enterovirus Test was evaluated with 103 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens. Twenty-seven CSF specimens were culture positive. With the AMPLICOR test, enterovirus RNA was detected in 34 specimens. Compared with culture, the AMPLICOR test gave a sensitivity of 96.3% and a specificity of 100%. The sensitivity of culture was 79.4% in comparison with the AMPLICOR test.

We report a case of AIDS presenting as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) meningomyeloradiculitis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) quasispecies compartmentalization within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and a CSF viral load that was 1 log higher than in peripheral blood. Prolonged antiviral therapy for both VZV and HIV type 1 was associated with partial resolution.