To provide novel information on psittacine diets, we analyzed the texture, crude protein, crude fat, Ca, P (total), Mg, K, Na, S, Cu, Fe, and Zn concentrations of crop contents from 10 free-living scarlet macaw (Ara macao) chicks from lowland forests of southeastern Peru. We compared our results with nutrient concentrations of known wild parrot foods and published psittacine dietary recommendat...

TŘINÁCTÝ JIŘÍ, RICHTER MICHAL, KŘÍŽOVÁ LUDMILA. 2016. Comparison of Maize Silagebased Diets for Dairy Cows Containing Extruded Rapeseed Cake or Extruded Full-fat Soybean as Major Protein Sources. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 64(3): 901–909. The trial was carried out on four Holstein cows with initial milk yield of 27.3 ± 1.7 kg.day−1. Cows were divided...

Obesity is associated with a broad spectrum of cardio-metabolic disturbances, including atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CDV). A high-fat diet has been shown to cause an elevation of the plasma cholesterol levels in humans, and the control of serum cholesterol has been demonstrated to be important in the prevention of CVD and atherosclerosis. The aims of this study were to demonstrat...

Petroleum hydrocarbon residues in weathered soils may pose risks to humans through the ingestion pathway. To understand the factors controlling their gastrointestinal (GI) absorption, a newly developed experimental extraction protocol was used to model the GI solubility of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) residues in highly weathered soils from different sites. The GI solubility of TPH residue...

The phytochemical and proximate analyses of Psidium guajava leaves were determined using the methods of association of official analytical chemists (A.O.A.C). The quantitative analyses showed the concentrations (mg/100g) of the phytochemical constituents as flavonoids (0.40 ± 0.02), tannins (0.55 ± 0.01), glycosides (3.76 ± 0.08), alkaloids (0.04 ± 0.00), saponins (3.01 ± 0.01), phenols (0.28 ±...

In general, the incidence of diabetes mellitus is high in societies that consume little carbohydrate and is low in countries where carbohydrate consumption is high. Himsworth reported that the consumption of the diet might be an influential factor in the etiology of diabetes mellitus and the high fat consumption was most closely related with high mortality rate of diabetes(1). In this study, we...

To assess the reproducibility of a validated 76-item food frequency questionnaire designed to estimate diet in adolescents (Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire--AFFQ) in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil, a test-retest study was conducted (n = 49). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), weighted kappa, and percentage of agreement were used in both crude and energy-adjusted nutrient intakes. ...

The effects of two sugar alcohols on feed utilization, digesta retention, gut fermentation and serum lipid profiles were compared in normal and cecectomized rats to examine the possibility of the cecectomized rat as an experimental animal with relevance to humans. Semi-purified diets containing no sugar alcohol, 7% sorbitol or 7% lactitol were fed to normal and cecectomized rats for 16 days. Th...

A cell-free translation assay was applied for the quick detection of ricin in food samples. Three economically important foods-ground beef, low-fat milk, and liquid chicken egg--were tested. The results indicated that ground beef had very little matrix effect on the assay, whereas low-fat milk and liquid chicken egg showed clear interference on the protein translation. A simple dilution in phos...

A high-fat diet easily promotes hyperphagia giving an impression of an uncontrolled process. Fat digestion itself however provides control of fat intake through the digestion itself, carried out by pancreatic lipase and its protein cofactor colipase, and through enterostatin, a peptide released from procolipase during fat digestion. Procolipase (-/-) knockout mice have a severely reduced fat di...