Many criticisms have been raised against historical materialism, both from outside of the Marxist tradition and from within. Some of these I engage in the sections from my book Reconstructing Marxism assigned for this session. What I will do here is briefly list five criticisms. Some of these can be countered fairly effectively, others are more serious. I will not discuss all of these in detail...

Here we survey some recent theoretical results on the e ciency of machine learning algorithms The main tool described is the notion of Probably Approximately Correct PAC learning intro duced by Valiant We de ne this learning model and then look at some of the results obtained in it We then consider some criticisms of the PAC model and the extensions proposed to address these criticisms Finally ...

I respond to Vaidman’s recent criticisms of my paper “A New Problem for Quantum Mechanics”.

This paper begins by offering a definition of ‘task’ and by emphasizing that there is no single ‘task-based teaching’ approach. It then evaluates a number of criticisms of TBT, drawing on recent critiques by Widdowson, Seedhouse, Sheen, and Swan. It is argued that many of these criticisms stem from a fundamental misunderstanding of what a ‘task’ is, and of the theoretical rationales that inform...

This paper offers a detailed text analysis of the written feedback given by two teachers to ESL students over a complete proficiency course. We consider this feedback in terms of its functions as praise, criticism, and suggestions. Praise was the most frequently employed function in the feedback of these two teachers, but this was often used to soften criticisms and suggestions rather than simp...

Several criticisms of past attempts to produce experimental phenylketonuria are discussed, and a model that appears to meet these criticisms is presented. This model uses inhibition in rats of phenylalanine hydroxylase (EC 1.14.3.1) by p-chlorophenylalanine and supplementation with phenylalanine to produce a high ratio of phenylalanine to tyrosine in their blood. By this method, an experimental...

Many criticisms have been raised against historical materialism, both from outside of the Marxist tradition and from within. Some of these I engage in the sections from my book Reconstructing Marxism assigned for this session. What I will do here is briefly list five criticisms. Some of these can be countered fairly effectively, others are more serious. I will not discuss all of these in detail...

Faith et al. (2003) strongly criticize our paper (Posadas et al. 2001). Their criticisms are based on what they consider our “ill definitions” and “erroneous applications” of the words complementarity, endemism, and biodiversity. The objectives of our reply to Faith et al. are to demonstrate that their criticisms do not satisfy epistemological and methodological tenets and to compare some aspec...