Over the past decades, personality and social psychologists have extensively investigated the role of self-views in individual functioning. Research on world views, however, has been less well studied due to overly specific conceptualizations, and little research about how and why they impact life outcomes. To answer why and how world views matter, we conducted 7 studies to examine the function...

OBJECTIVES Self-criticism and reassurance are important mechanisms for regulating negative emotions but relatively little attention has been paid to interventions aimed at improving them. DESIGN This study explored the use of an expressive writing task to increase self-reassurance and reduce self-criticism using a randomized controlled design. METHOD A total of 46 participants wrote either ...

The excitement about the application of mindfulness meditation in mental health settings has led to the proliferation of a literature pervaded by a lack of conceptual and methodological self-criticism. In this article we raise two major concerns. First, we consider the range of individual differences within the experience of meditation; although some people may benefit from its practice, others...

Actual possession of an item has been shown to increase an owner’s valuation of it, a phenomenon termed the “endowment effect” (Thaler, 1980). We hypothesize that temporarily being the high bidder during an auction induces a “pseudo-endowment effect.” This effect may foster attachment to an item during the auction and thus promote overbidding. We examine this effect in two studies. In the first...

OBJECTIVES Self-critical people, compared with those who self-reassure, are at increased risk of psychopathology. However, there has been little work on the different forms and functions of these self-experiences. This study developed two self-report scales to measure forms and functions of self-criticism and self-reassurance and explore their relationship to depression. METHODS A self-report...

The present study investigated the effects of self-criticism, dependency, and attachment variables in depression among couples. We utilized a multisource design that involved self-reports and spouse reports of personality and depression. This approach enabled us to explore the patterns of relations between self-reported and the spouse's report of the partner's view of self-criticism, dependency...

This paper first poses some criticism against conventional business game processing methods. This criticism is based on the extensive changes in almost any business environment within the last two decades. On the basis of this criticism some new ideas are represented for a better way to construct an interactive business game. Finally, a new business game construction is set forth.

This essay of the month discusses some of the lessons to be learned from the collapse of socialism in Eastern Europe and applied to the new opportunities in South Africa to undue patriarchal systems and transform gender relations. In South Africa socialism and equitable gender relations will be manifested in the care with which the Reconstruction and Development Program is implemented in gende...