in recent years, the cloning technology has remarkably developed iran, but unfortunately, the required legal framework has not been created to support and protect such developments yet. this legal gap may lead to abuse of scientific researches to obtain illegal benefits and to undermine the intellectual property rights of scientists and researchers. thus to prevent such consequences, the attemp...

the legal system of any given society, whether national or international, requires that legal disputes between the parties must be finally concluded and settled. abiding by judgments made by international courts and prevention of contradictory judgments are related to international public order. variety of international courts, arbitration tribunals and commissions increases the possibility of ...

crime is a human behavior that has captivated the thoughts of scholars of various disciplines throughout history. philosophers, sociologists, psychologists and others have investigated and analyzed the concept of crime from different aspects. crime is the main topic of criminal law, and in its legal meaning is a well-known term with a certain conceptual load that should not be confused with sim...

Law enforcement officers, and the criminal justice system more generally, encounter psychotic individuals at a high rate due to legal infractions committed consciously or resulting from symptoms of the disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a broad range of biopsychosocial symptoms predicted more severe legal problems. In addition, we studied whether a biopsychosocial mode...

Trial court judges play a crucial role in the administration of justice for both criminal and civil matters. Although psychologists have studied juries for many decades they have given relatively little attention to judges. Recent writings, however, suggest increasing interest in the psychology of judicial decision making. This essay reviews several selected topics where judicial discretion app...

Specialised domestic violence courts, initially developed in the United States of America, have been recognised by other jurisdictions including Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom. This article presents a case study of K Court in Toronto, drawing upon documentary evidence, direct observations and interviews with key informants. It is argued that the specialised domestic violence court pro...

The purpose of this study is to analyze the rule law in dealing with criminal acts narcotics abuse by children Legal Area North Sumatra Regional Police and obstacles they face. type used research normative juridical analytical descriptive nature. results state that regulation regulated Article 127 paragraphs (1), (2) (3) Narcotics Law, punishable imprisonment under 7 (seven) years. provisions 1...

the civil sanction is one of the most important sanctions for protecting copyright. in french law a special action named counterfeit action is predicted, which not only compensate the damages but also it has a preventive effect. this action doesn't require the proving of the fault and the lawsuit can be done by the author and the person who is awareded the exclusive licence. in this legal ...