This paper presents a review of creep deformation and rupture mechanism of P91 alloy for the development of its creep damage constitutive equations under lower stress level. Creep damage is one of the serious problems for the high temperature industries and computational approach (such as continuum damage mechanics) has been developed and used, complementary to the experimental approach, to ass...

This paper summarizes and presents research progress on the fundamentals of the development of creep damage constitutive equations for high Cr steels including 1) a brief summary of the characteristics of creep deformation and creep damage evolution and their dependence on the stress level and the importance of cavitation for the final fracture; 2) a critical review of the state of art of creep...

Introduction: Simple models of geomorphic modification of planetary surfaces by erosion or deposition are reported here. These processes are linear and non-linear creep, uniform accrescence and decrescence, and non-linear airfall deposition. They do not include models of flow whose depth is of the same order of magnitude as the landform, such as glacial flow or relaxation of crater forms in pla...

This paper presents a review of creep deformation and rupture mechanisms of low Cr-Mo alloy for the development of its creep damage constitutive equations under lower stress. The most popular Kachanov-Robatnov-Hayhurst (KRH) formulation was not necessarily developed and calibrated for low stress and cannot depict the creep strain accurately under multi-axial state of stress due to the three-dim...

Both clays and calcium silicate hydrates(the main hydration products of Portland cements) exhibit a microstructure made up of lamellar particles. The microscopic mechanism responsible for the macroscopic creep of such materials is often described as the relative sliding of the sheets. This paper proposes a micromechanical approach to estimate the macroscopic creep behavior rising from this micr...

The creep and wear behaviour of highly cross-linked polyethylene and standard polyethylene liners were examined in a prospective, double-blind randomised, controlled trial using radiostereometric analysis. We randomised 54 patients to receive hip replacements with either highly cross-linked polyethylene or standard liners and determined the three-dimensional penetration of the liners over three...

Recent studies concerning the fixation of cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) have led to new hypotheses about the dynamic, long-term failure mechanisms leading to prosthetic loosening. As a result, the long-term mechanical behavior of acrylic bone cement has gained more interest since little is known about these properties. In this study, the dynamic, compressive creep deformation of acrylic...

A deformation-mechanism map has been developed for unirradiated zircaloy-4 based on the creep data available from the literature of the last thirty-five years. These data have been analyzed to identify different creep mechanisms, based on the forms of the relationships between stress, temperature and strain rate. This identification allowed the activation energies and other associated creep par...

Spinal segments show non-linear behaviour under axial compression. It is unclear to what extent this behaviour is attributable to the different components of the segment. In this study, we quantified the separate contributions of vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs to creep of a segment. Secondly, we investigated the contribution of bone and osteochondral endplate (endplates including car...

Tensile stress develops in concrete when shrinkage deformations and restraints (internal or external) exist. Utilization of appropriate creep or relaxation functions is crucial for assessing stress and the associated cracking potential in concrete, especially at early ages when chemical and physical properties change rapidly. The existing models, developed either from compressive creep tests or...