The pharmacokinetics of cefaclor and cephalexin were characterized in patients with creatinine clearances ranging from 0 to 147 ml/min. Each of 24 fasted subjects received a single 500-mg oral dose of cefaclor, and 13 of these subjects later received 500 mg of cephalexin. Serum and urine levels of the antibiotics were measured by bioassay. The serum half-lives were highly correlated with correc...

1. The renal clearance of oxalate was studied in six normal subjects and in two patients with primary hyperoxaluria utilizing a constant infusion of [14C]oxalic acid. 2. The [14C]oxalate clearance in normal subjects was between 101 and 217 ml/min with a range in the ratio ofp4C]oxalate clearance to creatinine clearance of 1,33-2,09. 3. The oxalate clearance in two patients with primary hyperoxa...

Serum creatinine, urinary creatinine and endogenous creatinine clearance were measured in various age groups in normal subjects and in those suffering from renal disorders. Serum creatinine was found to be significantly high in cases of chronic renal failure and renal hypertension. Serum and urinary creatinine levels in normal subjects were found to vary with the age. (JPMA 31:225, 1981).

Population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in Thai adult patients was determined by non-linear mixed-effects approach using 319 vancomycin serum concentrations from 212 patients. The data were best fitted by a two-compartment model and it was used to examine the effect of patient characteristics on the vancomycin pharmacokinetics. In the final model, there was a linear relationship between vanco...

As the primary route for elimination of clinafloxacin is renal clearance (CL(R)) of unchanged drug, studies were conducted to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of clinafloxacin following administration to young and elderly subjects, subjects with various degrees of renal function, and subjects requiring dialysis. These were open-label studies in which subjects received single oral clinaflox...

Blood and urine samples were obtained from 274 smelter workers and urine samples from 48 controls. Cadmium, beta 2-microglobulin, and creatinine were estimated in blood and urine, and total protein in urine. Concentrations of cadmium in urine (mean 2.0 nmole/mmole creatinine) and blood (mean 21.8 nmole/L) observed in the smelter workers confirmed that this group had absorbed more cadmium than t...

Impaired renal function has been associated with an increased risk of thrombocytopenia in adults receiving linezolid. Findings from this retrospective cohort demonstrate an association between thrombocytopenia and lower creatinine clearance in children receiving linezolid.

The effect of dyslipidemia on peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients based on the presence of residual renal function (RRF; renal creatinine clearance >2 mL/min/1.73 m²) is unknown. Data from the Taiwan Renal Registry Data System between 2005 and 2012 were analyzed to estimate the association between dyslipidemia and mortality in PD patients. Long-term PD patients (n = 8032) were divided into groups...

Introduction: Using brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion (IR) prior to a more sustained IR insult – ischemic preconditioning (IPC) – can reduce IR injury of the heart, brain and many other tissues. The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect of 2min ischemic periods on subsequent rat renal IR injury. Methods: Male rat's renal IR injury was investigated in a right nephrectom...