The intention of this article is to alert readers to common problems and pitfalls concerning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for pathologies of cranial nerves. It also provides an introduction to helpful sequences and post processing techniques. There are numerous reports about imaging of the cranial nerves that show the capabilities of submillimeter heavily T2-weighted images, like the CISS o...

Objective: Head trauma is one of the most common causes emergency admission in elderly patients. The risk intracranial pathology increases after due to weakening bone structures, deterioration blood parameters, and use anticoagulants. This study aimed examine factors affecting mortality head geriatric Material Methods: Geriatric patients who were admitted department with between 01.01.2015 31.1...

Communication and swallowing deficits are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). Evidence indicates that voice and speech dysfunction manifest early, prior to motor deficits typically associated with striatal dopamine loss. Unlike deficits in the extremities, cranial sensorimotor deficits are refractory to standard dopamine-related pharmacological and surgical interventions, thus the mechanisms un...

Introduction: Ionizing radiation is non-surgical treatment of brain tumors and metastases. Preclinical studies have showed main insights into harmful effects of radiation on the nervous system in vivo and in vitro. Cognitive impairment such as progressive memory, executive and attention performance deficits indicates a significant risk for patients experiencing conventional rad...

Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles is an autosomal dominant congenital disorder characterized by bilateral ptosis, restrictive external ophthalmoplegia with the eyes partially or completely fixed in an infraducted (downward) and strabismic position, and markedly limited and aberrant residual eye movements. It has been generally thought that these clinical abnormalities result from m...

BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its transitional state mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are characterized by amyloid plaque and tau neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) deposition within the cerebral neocortex and neuronal loss within the hippocampal formation. However, the precise relationship between pathologic changes in neocortical regions and hippocampal atrophy is largely unknown. METHOD...

A retrospective review of cranial CT scans obtained over a 4 year period in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and documented central nervous system (CNS) pathology is presented. The spectrum of diseases and the value of CT in detecting new, recurrent, and superimposed disease processes were determined. Fifty-one AIDS patients with confirmed CNS pathology were identified. S...

AIM Pineal tumors represent uncommon intracranial tumors with highly diverse histologic subtypes. There still exists a controversy in literature about what influences overall survival and outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS We present the results of 48 patients with pineal tumor treated either by stereotactic biopsy followed by adjuvant therapy (23 patients) or open surgical resection without (18 p...

Postmortem imaging notably CT, has been embraced in medicolegal death investigation. It allows for non-invasive interrogation of the skull and cranial contents prior to autopsy, forewarning likely findings excluding overt pathology such as fractures, haemorrhage, mass lesions. There are, however, deficiencies postmortem CT part due changes brain at or after death, inherent insensitivity subtle ...