The field of non-invasive brain stimulation has developed significantly over the last two decades. Though two techniques of noninvasive brain stimulation--transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)--are becoming established tools for research in neuroscience and for some clinical applications, related techniques that also show some promising clini...

cognitive neuroscience prefers a reductionist approach to normal and abnormal brain functions. so, it tries to reducing causes and indices of cognitive and neural processes, in order to increases the accuracy in investigation and manipulation of variables. as a comparison, common diagnostic criteria for mental disorders utilize multidimensional global criteria that existence of some non-overlap...

During the past .. years, non-invasive .rain stimulation has .ecome an emerging .eld in clinical neuroscience due to its capability to transiently modulate corticospinal excitability, motor and cognitive functions. .hereas transcranial magnetic stimulation has .een used e.tensively since more than t.o decades ago as a potential .neuromodulator., transcranial current stimulation .tCS. has more r...