Water resources sustainability is one of the major issues in the agricultural sustainability. In this study sustainability of water resources has been investigated by use of linear and non-linear models in six models based on optimal utilization of water resources in the north parts farms of Iran because of incorrect use of agricultural water resources, from 2011 to 2012. Also “gross margin per...

byproducts may be available for incorporation into animal feeds (Whiteman and Norton, 1981). Pigeonpea Forage-based livestock production is a significant component of biomass and grain have been used as animal feed for the agricultural economy throughout the southern U.S. Great Plains. However, Livestock production in grazing systems is limited by low centuries by Indian farmers (Whyte et al.,1...

I ntercropping—growing two or more crops at the same time on a single field—is an ancient practice still used in much of the developing world. For example, in Africa, corn (Zea mays L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), or millet (Panicum and Pennisetum spp.) are grown with pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), or beans (...

Demand for bean products is growing because of the presence of several health-promoting components in edible bean products such as phytates. Phytates are a naturally occurring compound, which is distributed widely in all cells of legume plants. Clinical studies have suggested that these health-promoting components, phytates, affect the immune system to protect the human body against cancers, an...

Tracerkinetic experiments were performed using L-[guanidino14C]arginine, L-[U-14C]arginine, L-[ureido-14C]citrulline, and L-[114C]omithine to investigate arginine utilization in developing cotyledons of Glycine max (L.) Merrill. Excised cotyledons were injected with carrier-free 14C compounds and incubated in sealed vials containing a CO2 trap. The free and protein amino acids were analyzed usi...

Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ‘Laura’ plants were grown in the North Carolina State Univ. phytotron at 26C day temperature and 18, 22, 24, or 26C night temperatures to determine the effects of night temperature on pollen characteristics, growth, fruit set, and early fruit growth. Total and percentage normal pollen grains were higher in plants grown at night temperatures of 18 and 22C than at 24...

The interaction between the ATP-dependent evolution of H2 catalyzed by nitrogenase and the oxidation of H2 via a hydrogenase has been postulated to influence the efficiency of the N2-fixing process in nodulated legumes. A comparative study using soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) cv. Anoka inoculated with either Rhizobium japonicum strain USDA 31 or USDA 110 and cowpea (Vigna uguiculats L. Walp.) c...

A field experiment was conducted on a tropical soil (Humoxic Tropohumult) with a high P sorption capacity to compare the critical external and internal P requirements of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata () Walp.) as affected by the predominant mode of N nutrition during crop growth. The experiment had a split-plot design with two N-level subplots established within ...

Legumes are an important source of protein in many developing countries. However this protein is not readily available because of antinutrients. Farmers are being encouraged to grow bambara groundnut to meet food sufficiency, hence information on the content of antinutrients is required. The objective of the study was to compare antinutrients trypsin inhibitor activity and condensed tannin cont...

Dietary quality is an important limiting factor to adequate nutrition in many resource-poor settings. One aspect of dietary quality with respect to adequacy of micronutrient intakes is bioavailability. Several traditional household food-processing and preparation methods can be used to enhance the bioavailability of micronutrients in plant-based diets. These include thermal processing, mechanic...