With regard to importance of investment as an engine of economic growth many economists such as Wicksel, Keynse and Harrod believe that investment is the main source of business cycles. Hence this study specifies investment function according to a basic macroeconomic model such as Ramsey model. Application of Ramsey model can help to extend macroeconomics with micro foundations in economy of I...

This study uses the Generalized Composite Commodity Theorem (GCCT) to investigate the consistency of aggregating major crop products in studying producer’s behaviour in Iran. The results show that all crop products, except corn, soybean, and melon can consistently be grouped into cereals, oil seeds, pulses, and vegetable composite commodities. In addition, the results testing the hypothesis of ...

مسئله جریان با هزینه مینیمم ‎ (mcf)(minimum cost flowدر یک شبکه که تعدادی از رئوس، دارای مقداری موجودی از یک کالا و تعدادی دیگر متقاضی مقداری از همان کالا هستند و برای هر یال مقادیری برای حداقل و حداکثر کالای عبوری و هزینه عبور یک واحد کالا مشخص شده است، به دنبال پیدا کردن جریانی از آن کالا است که در کران های داده شده برای میزان جریان برای یال ها صدق کند، تقاضای رأس ها را برآورده کند و کمترین ه...

In this paper, Integrated Resource Planning (IRP) problem is formulated as an optimization problem in which the objective function is to minimize the total investment, operating, and outage (energy not served) costs of power system as well as the cost of DSM programs. Generation system reliability is assessed and provided by means of EENS and LOLP indices. For this sake, energy not served cost ...