Information about the computational cost of programs is potentially useful for a variety of purposes, including selecting among diierent algorithms , guiding program transformations, in granularity control and mapping decisions in parallelizing compilers, and query optimization in deductive databases. Cost analysis of logic programs is complicated by nondeterminism: on the one hand, procedures ...

We estimate treatment cost-savings from early cancer diagnosis. For breast, lung, prostate and colorectal cancers and melanoma, which account for more than 50% of new incidences projected in 2017, we combine published cancer treatment cost estimates by stage with incidence rates by stage at diagnosis. We extrapolate to other cancer sites by using estimated national expenditures and incidence ra...

This paper presents estimates of the variable cost function of electricity generation. The cost function is estimated using a two dimensional definition of capacity utilization. Because electricity cannot be conveniently stored, generation facilities follow the load across demand cycles. Capacity utilization can be captured empirically in two ways. One is generation relative to capacity when a ...

The paper presents a novel method for monitoring and estimating the depth of a laser-drilled hole using machine vision. Through on-line image acquisition and analysis in laser machining processes, we could simultaneously obtain correlations between the machining processes and analyzed images. Based on the machine vision method, the depths of laser-machined holes could be estimated in real time....

The authors introduce a new method for estimating the coefficients of a noncausal autoregressive (AR) model. This method is based on a new formulation that relates the unknown AR parameters to both secondand third-order cumulants. The new formulation facilitates the use of linear and nonlinear least-square estimation techniques, and includes some published works as a special case. The nonlinear...

The purpose of this study is to develop an appearance-based method for estimating gaze directions from low resolution images. The problem of estimating directions using low resolution images is that the position of an eye region cannot be determined accurately. In this work, we introduce two key ideas to cope with the problem: incorporating training images of eye regions with artificially added...

introduction sarcheshmeh copper mine is regarded as the second largest copper deposit in the world. this is one of the largest industrial-mining complexes in the world and the largest producer of copper in iran. this complex plays an important role in iran’s economy. in 2012, this complex created employment for about 8000 people in iran and produced 203065 tons of copper cathodes. however, high...

‎artificial neural networks have the advantages such as learning, ‎adaptation‎, ‎fault-tolerance‎, ‎parallelism and generalization‎. ‎this ‎paper is a scrutiny on the application of diverse learning methods‎ ‎in speed of convergence in neural networks‎. ‎for this aim‎, ‎first we ‎introduce a perceptron method based on artificial neural networks‎ ‎which has been applied for solving a non-singula...