This study proposes to use a method of nonlinear, nonstationary data processing and analysis, i.e., the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT), to explore and characterize the signatures of soil nonlinearity and/or liquefaction from earthquake ground recordings. The paper first summarizes symptoms of soil nonlinearity and liquefaction shown in earthquake ground motion recordings. It then reviews the Fou...

1. Geological Time: A Summary 2. Reconstruction and Relative Dating of Earth History 2.1. Early Ideas and Basic Principles 2.2. Uniformitarianism and Catastrophism 2.3. Geological Catastrophes and Events: Particular Historical Geological Phenomena 2.4. Rates of Geological Processes in Terms of Human Timescales 2.4.1. Earth Crust Movements 2.4.2. Plutonic and Volcanic Processes 2.4.3. Weathering...

SUMMARY On 29 December 2020, a shallow earthquake of magnitude Mw 6.4 struck northern Croatia, near the town Petrinja, more than 24 hr after strong foreshock (ML 5). We formed reconnaissance team European geologists and engineers, from Slovenia, France, Italy Greece, rapidly deployed in field to map evidence coseismic environmental effects. In epicentral area, we recognized surface deformation,...

Liquefaction of human semen involves proteolytic degradation of the seminal coagulum and release of motile spermatozoa. Several members of human kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) have been implicated in semen liquefaction, functioning through highly regulated proteolytic cascades. Among these, KLK3 (also known as prostate-specific antigen) is the main executor enzyme responsible for processi...

In this study, Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) RL05 data from January 2003 to October 2014 were used to extract the coseismic gravity changes induced by the 24 May 2013 Okhotsk Mw8.3 deep-focus earthquake using the difference and least square fitting methods. The gravity changes obtained from GRACE data agreed well with those from dislocation theory in both magnitude and spatial...

The present work focuses on the postseismic deformation observed in the region of L'Aquila (central Italy) following the Mw 6.3 earthquake that occurred on April 6, 2009. A new, 16-month-long dataset of COSMO-SkyMed SAR images was analysed using the Persistent Scatterer Pairs interferometric technique. The analysis revealed the existence of postseismic ground subsidence in the mountainous rocky...

S U M M A R Y The Mw 7.6 1997 Manyi earthquake occurred in an area of central northern Tibet where sparse vegetation coverage and a lack of human habitation provide excellent conditions for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) studies. We use coseismic pairs of radar images acquired by the ESA ERS-2 satellite to construct interferograms of the surface displacement field due to the e...

We construct a coseismic deformation interferogram for the April 2010 Yushu earthquakes using ALOS/PALSAR data from the ascending track (path 487). We then infer the trace of the Yushu fault using the coherence image, and we build five fault models for the Yushu fault. To determine the fault geometry parameters that give the best fit to the coseismic interferogram, we apply an elastic dislocati...

Near field coseismic perturbations of ionospheric total electron content (TEC), caused by direct acoustic waves from focal regions, can be observed with Global Positioning System (GPS). They appear 10-15 minutes after the earthquake with typical periods of ~4-5 minutes, and propagate as fast as ~1 km/s toward directions allowed by ambient geomagnetic fields. Ionospheric disturbance, associated ...