The Sun's outer coronal layer exists at a temperature of millions of kelvins, much hotter than the solar surface we observe. How this high temperature is maintained and what energy sources are involved continue to puzzle and fascinate solar researchers. Recently, the Hinode spacecraft was launched to observe and measure the plasma properties of the Sun's outer layers. The data collected by Hino...

The formation of negative ions produced in a negative point-to-plane corona discharge fed by a Ar/N2/CH4 gas mixture has been studied using mass spectrometry. The measurements were carried out in flowing regime at ambient temperature and a reduced pressure of 460 mbar. The CN− anion has been found to be the most dominant negative ion in the discharge and is believed to be the precursor of heavi...

A solid Fabry-Perot etalon with a 0.16 A passband was used during the 180 s solar eclipse of 2006 for rapid scans of an emission line of the solar corona. The etalon was a Y-cut lithium niobate wafer coated with reflective and conductive (ITO) layers. Voltage applied perpendicular to the etalon face produced a passband shift of 0.0011 A V(-1). During the eclipse, 18 filtergrams were obtained at...

A very intense corona discharge can be produced by applying a sharp rising, narrow pulse high voltage between corona and counter electrodes of a corona system. Because of an extremely increased spark voltage electrons are highly accelerated even under ordinary gas pressure, while ions with much larger mass are not effectively accelerated as a resuLt of too short pulse duration time. Hence, a st...

Intensity bursts in ultraviolet (UV) to X-ray wavelengths and plasma jets are typical signatures of magnetic reconnection the associated impulsive heating solar atmospheric plasma. To gain new insights into process, high-cadence observations required capture rapid response as well highly dynamic evolution jets. Here, we report first 2 s cadence extreme-UV recorded by 174 {\AA} High Resolution I...

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The solar corona, anomalously hot outer atmosphere of the Sun, is traditionally described by magnetohydrodynamic, fluid-like approach. Here we review some recent developments when, instead, a full kinetic description is used. It is shown that some of the main unsolved problems of solar physics, such as coronal heating and solar flare particle acceleration can be viewed in a new light when the s...