Lizards are amniotes with the remarkable ability to regenerate amputated tails. The early regenerated lizard tail forms a blastema, and the regenerated skeleton consists of a cartilage tube (CT) surrounding the regenerated spinal cord. The proximal, but not distal, CT undergoes hypertrophy and ossifies. We hypothesized that differences in cell sources and signaling account for divergent cartila...

A previously described infraclavicular brachial plexus block may be modified by using a more lateral needle insertion point, while the patient abducts the arm 45° or 90°. In performing the modified block on patients abducting 45°, we often had problems finding the cords of the brachial plexus. Therefore, we designed an anatomic study to describe the ability of the recommended needle direction t...

OBJECTIVES Optical coherence tomography, an imaging modality using near-infrared light, produces cross-sectional tissue images with a lateral pixel resolution of 10 microm. However, normative data is first needed on epithelial thickness for lesion characterisation, and, to date, little exists. The purpose of our study is to measure normal laryngeal epithelial thickness by in vivo optical cohere...

Background: The umbilical cord is vital to the development, well being and survival of the fetus. A coil of the cord is defined as a complete 360 degree spiral course of umbilical vessels around Wharton’s jelly. Sonographically, the Umbilical Coiling Index (UCI) is defined as the reciprocal of the average distance between a pair of coils. Hypocoiled cords are those with UCI < 10 centile while h...

The study has been conducted on the prenatal development of testis on 70 goat embryo/foeti, categorized into group-I (0-30 days), Group-II (31-60 days), Group-III (61-90 days), Group-IV (91-120 days) and group V (121days-till birth), having 14 embryos/ foeti in each group. The genital ridge was observed at 23 days of gestation. It contained an accumulation of mesenchymal cells, immature RBC’s, ...