hSTRACT COOPERATION AMONG LIBRARIES is a practice that supports information service to patrons of all libraries. This article will examine the historical overview of cooperative efforts, the roles identified for the cooperative library organizations and members of the organizations, and the services associated with these organizations. It will also examine the contributions that rural libraries...

Cuban producer and worker cooperatives’ governance systems have certain features that set them apart from their counterparts in other countries, such as the frequency broader mandates of general assemblies, inclusion managers workers members, no clear division between boards directors management. While this research did not seek to identify factors led these particularities, it focused on ident...

Buyers’ Alliances for Bargaining Power by Suchan Chae and Paul Heidhues We provide a novel explanation as to why forming an alliance of buyers (or sellers) across separate markets can be advantageous when input prices are determined by bargaining. Our explanation helps to understand the prevalence of buyer cooperatives among small and medium sized firms.

Over the years, positive effect of growth China’s agricultural cooperatives on development rural economy is undoubted, but many problems have been exposed in practice, such as non-standard shell cooperatives. This paper takes 355 a county Ganzi an example to study types and reasons nonstandard phenomena heterogeneous cooperatives, then puts forward construction cooperative governance mechanism ...

Agricultural cooperatives have important contributions to farmers. Thanks cooperatives, agricultural products are sold at high prices, while inputs can be purchased low prices. Cooperatives provide their partners with technical support in product processing, grading, standardization, storage and quality. On the other hand, contribute sustainability of activities by providing credit members. The...

OBJECTIVES To quantify service integration achieved in the national exemplar programme for single call access to out of hours care through NHS Direct, and its effect on the wider health system. DESIGN Observational before and after study of demand, activity, and trends in the use of other health services. PARTICIPANTS 34 general practice cooperatives with NHS Direct partners (exemplars): fo...

OBJECTIVES To quantify the impact of NHS Direct on the use of accident and emergency, ambulance, and general practitioner cooperative services. DESIGN Observational study of trends in use of NHS Direct and other immediate care services over 24 months spanning introduction of NHS Direct. SETTING Three areas in England in first wave of introduction of NHS Direct, and six nearby general practi...

BACKGROUND Hospital partnerships, mergers and cooperatives are arrangements frequently seen as a means of improving health service delivery. Many of the assumptions used in planning hospital cooperatives are not stated clearly and are often based on limited or poor scientific evidence. METHODS This is a protocol for a systematic review, following the Cochrane EPOC methodology. The review aims...

Covid-19 posed several challenges to all organisations in general and social solidarity cooperatives particular. However, the faced by these have unique features arising from their special characteristics compared other types of cooperatives. Therefore it is vital study impacts covid-19. This study has as main goal understand those impact. An exploratory was undertaken ...