Abstract Genetic diversity is a fundamental component of biological diversity, and its conservation considered key to ensure the long-term survival natural populations species. National international legislation increasingly mandates monitoring genetic diversity. Examples are United Nation’s Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Aichi target 13 current post-2020 negotiations specify new for ...

Global catastrophic risks (GCRs) are risks of events that could significantly harm or even destroy civilization at the global scale. GCR raises a number of profound ethical issues, with a range of ethical theories suggesting that GCR reduction should be society’s top priority. This paper discusses GCR ethics in the context of dual-use bioengineering: bioengineering that can cause either benefit...

By agreeing to strive for 'a significant reduction in the current rate of loss of biological diversity' by the year 2010, political leaders at the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (held in Johannesburg, South Africa) presented conservation scientists with a great opportunity, but also one of their most significant challenges. This is an extremely exciting and laudable development, b...

Abstract Biodiversity underpins all life on Earth, and refers to biological variety in its forms, from the genetic makeup of plants animals cultural diversity. Human health depends upon ecosystem products services (e.g. availability fresh water, food fuel sources) which are requisite for human animal health. loss can have significant direct impacts if degraded not able guarantee social needs. T...

The losses that are being incurred of the Earth's biological diversity, at all levels, are now staggering. The trend lines for future loss are steeply upward as new adverse drivers of change come into play. The political processes for matching this crisis are now inadequate and the science needs to address this issue are huge and slow to fulfil, even though strong advances have been made. A mor...

This paper describes the institutional background against which invasiveness is considered with regard to livestock genetic diversity. The human-made nature and extensive spread of a few domesticated animal species for global food production is a feature of agricultural diversity that complicates the simple, negative view of invasive species. The different impacts of livestock species on natura...