OBJECTIVE To evaluate the patellar height of volunteers with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome (PPS) during maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) in open kinetic chain (OKC) and closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises. METHODS Twenty healthy women, and nineteen women with patellofemoral pain syndrome were evaluated and subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance imaging during rest a...

BACKGROUND The morphogenic movements that characterize embryonic development require the precise temporal and spatial control of cell-shape changes. Drosophila dorsal closure is a well-established model for epithelial sheet morphogenesis, and mutations in more than 60 genes cause defects in closure. Closure requires that four forces, derived from distinct tissues, be precisely balanced. The pro...

Twenty-four men (n = 11) and women (n = 13) supported an inertial load equivalent to 20% of the maximum voluntary contraction force with the elbow flexor muscles for as long as possible while maintaining a constant elbow angle at 90 degrees. Endurance time did not differ on the three occasions that the task was performed (320 +/- 149 s; P > 0.05), and there was no difference between women (360 ...

BACKGROUND Muscle strength and endurance of the shoulder rotators is important for overhead throwing performance and dynamic glenohumeral stability. Baseball pitching is distinguished as an intermittent activity with explosive, high intensity muscle contractions separated by periods of rest. Rotator cuff muscle performance could acutely decrease due to fatigue associated with bouts of throwing....

In Asia, many activities of daily living (ADL) are performed while sitting cross-legged on the floor. This sitting posture rotates the pelvis in a more dorsal direction and lumbar lordosis is more flattened than while sitting on a chair. Sitting cross-legged induces a greater load on the intervertebral discs and spine, especially when in a slumped position that is known to increase disc pressur...

This work deals with problems of tool axis inclination angles in ball-end milling. Tool axis inclination angle contributes to improvement of functional surface properties (surface integrity surface roughness, residual stress, micro hardness, etc.), decreasing cutting forces and improving production. By milling with ball-end milling tool, using standard way of cutting, when work piece and cuttin...

In this study, the force-length characteristics of the in vivo medial (GM) and lateral (GL) heads of the human gastrocnemius muscle were estimated from measurements in eight healthy male subjects. This involved: 1) dynamometry-based measurements of the moment generated during maximal isometric plantar flexion; 2) ultrasound-based measurements of fascicular length and pennation angle; and 3) ult...

We investigated the capacity for torque development and muscle activation at the onset of fast voluntary isometric knee extensions at 30, 60, and 90 degrees knee angle. Experiments were performed in subjects (n = 7) who had high levels (>90%) of activation at the plateau of maximal voluntary contractions. During maximal electrical nerve stimulation (8 pulses at 300 Hz), the maximal rate of torq...

The purpose of this study was to quantify relative contributions of impact interface, muscle activity, and knee angle to the magnitudes of tibial and femoral accelerations occurring after external impacts. Impacts were initiated with a pneumatically driven impacter under the heels of four volunteers. Impact forces were quantified with a force sensor. Segmental accelerations were measured with b...

purpose: to compare anterior segment and ocular biometric parameters of unaffected fellow eyes of patients with a previous attack of acute angle closure (aac), primary angle closure suspect (pacs) eyes, and normal eyes; and to assess the risk of developing aac in pacs. methods: in this prospective comparative observational case series, 16 unaffected fellow eyes of patients with a previous attac...