Incorporation of van der Waals interactions enables the continuum model of electrodiffusion in biomolecular system to avoid the artifacts of introducing a molecular surface and the painful task of the surface mesh generation. Calculation examples show that the electrostatics, diffusion-reaction kinetics, and molecular surface defined as an isosurface of a certain density distribution can be ext...

Continuum robot dynamic models have previously involved a choice between high accuracy, numerically intensive models, and low accuracy, computationally efficient models. The objective of this paper is to provide an accurate dynamic model with low computational overhead. Our approach is to place point masses at the center of gravity of the continuum section, rather than along the robot’s backbon...

Aerial continuum manipulation systems (ACMSs) were newly introduced by integrating a robot (CR) into an aerial vehicle to address few issues of conventional such as safety, dexterity, flexibility and compatibility with objects. Despite the earlier work on decoupled dynamic modeling ACMSs, their coupled still remains intact. Nonlinearity complexity CR make it difficult design ACMS model suitable...

The quantum state of a particle can be completely specified by a position at one instant of time. This implies a lack of information, hence a symmetry, as to where the particle will move. We here study the consequences for free particles of spin 0 and spin 1/2. On a cubic spatial lattice a hopping equation is derived, and the continuum limit taken. Spin 0 leads to the Schrödinger equation, and ...

An improved theoretical approach is proposed to predict the dynamic behavior of long, slender and flexible microcantilevers affected by squeeze-film damping at low ambient pressures. Our approach extends recent continuum gas damping models (Veijola 2004 J. Micromech. Microeng. 14 1109–18, Gallis and Torczynski 2004 J. Microelectromech. Syst. 13 653–9), which were originally derived for a rigid ...

An improved theoretical approach is proposed to predict the dynamic behavior of long, slender and flexible microcantilevers affected by squeeze-film damping at low ambient pressures. Our approach extends recent continuum gas damping models (Veijola 2004 J. Micromech. Microeng. 14 1109–18, Gallis and Torczynski 2004 J. Microelectromech. Syst. 13 653–9), which were originally derived for a rigid ...

Graphene possesses excellent physical and chemical properties and has potential applications in nanobiological devices and nanoelectromechanical systems such as actuators [1], optoelectronics [2], and biosensors [3]. In addition, the vibrational properties play an important role in structural stability of nanoelectromechanical systems used in dynamic environments. In the recent years, several r...

The problem of normal incidence impact with solidification of a spherical liquid metal droplet onto a rigid planar substrate is studied. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved using a finite-volume formulation with a fixed grid. The free surface of the droplet is tracked by the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method. The surface tension on the droplet surface is evaluated by a continuum surface force (CS...