Evidence is presented that eye-movement patterns during reading distinguish costs associated with the syntactic processing of sentences from costs associated with relating sentence meaning to real world probabilities. Participants (N = 30) read matching sets of sentences that differed by a single word, making the sentence syntactically anomalous (but understandable), pragmatically anomalous, or...

In a 2x2 event-related FMRI study we find support for the idea that the inferior frontal cortex, centered on Broca’s region and its homologue, is involved in constructive unification operations during the structure-building process in parsing for comprehension. Tentatively, we provide evidence for a role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex centered on BA 9/46 in the control component of the l...

Adrian Stokes is giving us a theory of the surface; this is his contribution to architectural analysis; it is a formalism that is not about plasticity, proportion, geometry, spatial deployment or spatial sequence. It is an appreciation of surface that isn’t incidental in its exclusions (interior spaces), but that sees the surface as uniquely 1) the place that unleashes another type of spatialit...

Course planning is an important faculty role requiring expertise and effective decision-making. Despite the centrality of planning activities in the teaching-learning process, relatively little research has explored the process by which instructors in higher education plan their classes. Thus, the author and colleagues pursued a three-year series of studies of college instructors in the US who ...

abstract introduction: standardized tests in speech therapy mostly focus onlanguage structure rather than the use of language in social context. so, there is a clear need for instruments to assess pragmatic aspects of language. children’s communicationchecklist (ccc) and its revised version, ccc-2, was developed to address this need, however, its psychometric features are unknown in iran. the c...

iodine deficiency disorders are among the most important health problems in iran. use of iodized salt is one of the oldest, most convenient and cheapest ways of idd control, although not very easy to implement. factors such as the chemical form of iodine, heat moisture, light and storage affect its stability. in this survey, salt iodine content at production site and the effect of heat, moistur...

in the greatest poetry of the world,value is equally distributed between form and content. among all kinds offormal specifications of a poem, phonetic specifications are of a greatsignificance and with respect to poem-level transcendence, they have a greatrole to play.in translating a poem, the translator must equally pay attentionto the transferance of both form and content. a poem's spec...