During the course of daily activity, our level of engagement with the world varies on a moment-to-moment basis. Although these fluctuations in vigilance have critical consequences for our thoughts and actions, almost nothing is known about the neuronal substrates governing such dynamic variations in task engagement. We investigated the hypothesis that the posterior cingulate cortex (CGp), a reg...

A radioinhibitor binding assay and an enzyme inhibition assay have been developed to measure plasma levels of CGP 38 560, a potent human renin inhibitor. The detection limit of the assays was between 0.5 and 1 pmol/ml. There was a good correlation (r = 0.989) between the two assays for the measurement of human plasma spiked with CGP 38 560 in concentrations from 1.9 nM to 12 microM. Intra-assay...

The effects were investigated of the potent competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist CGP 40116[D-(E)-2-amino-4-methyl-5-phosphono-3-pentenoic acid] on the performance of mice in water maze and passive avoidance tasks, and in wire suspension, rotarod, and cage activity tests. The drug was administered per os (p.o.) in its anticonvulsant dose range. CGP 40116 dose-dependently i...

BACKGROUND FhuA, an integral membrane protein of Escherichia coli, actively transports ferrichrome and the structurally related antibiotic albomycin across the outer membrane. The transport is coupled to the proton motive force, which energizes FhuA through the inner-membrane protein TonB. FhuA also transports the semisynthetic rifamycin derivative CGP 4832, although the chemical structure of t...

The effects of the AMPA receptor antagonist GYKI 52466 (1-(4-aminophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine HCl) on haloperidol-induced catalepsy were tested in drug-naive rats and in rats pretreated with the competitive NMDA receptor antagonist CGP 37849 (DL-(E)-2-amino-4-methyl-5-phosphono-3-pentenoic acid). CGP 37849 (4 mg/kg i.p.) given alone significantly reversed haloperid...

We perform a perturbative QCD analysis of the gluonic gravitational form factors (GFFs) proton and pion at large momentum transfer. derive explicit factorization formula GFFs in terms distribution amplitudes hadrons. At leading power, we find that gluon Ag Cg scale as Ag?(t)=Cg?(t)?1/(?t) for pion, Agp(t)?1/(?t)2 Cgp(t)?ln2?(?t/?2)/(?t)3 proton, respectively, where t is transfer ? non-perturbat...

Organic foods have great importance in environment sustainability and human nutrition. However, they are commercialized with greatly reduced shelf life, especially fruits and vegetables. Considerable amounts of vegetables are lost due to their rapid deterioration by microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. In this work cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDE) produced by Trichoderma asperellum (T00...

People and animals often demonstrate strong attraction or aversion to options with uncertain or risky rewards, yet the neural substrate of subjective risk preferences has rarely been investigated. Here we show that monkeys systematically preferred the risky target in a visual gambling task in which they chose between two targets offering the same mean reward but differing in reward uncertainty....

We deal with the numerical solution of time-dependent convection-diffusion-reaction equations. We combine the local projection stabilization method for the space discretization with two different time discretization schemes: the continuous Galerkin-Petrov (cGP) method and the discontinuous Galerkin (dG) method of polynomial of degree k. We establish the optimal error estimates and present numer...

THIS PAPER IS ELIGIBLE FOR THE STUDENT PAPER AWARD. It has been shown recently that the dirtypaper coding is the optimal strategy for maximizing the sum rate of multiple-input multiple-output Gaussian broadcast channels (MIMO BC). Moreover, by the channel duality, the nonconvex MIMO BC sum rate problem can be transformed to the convex dual MIMO multiple-access channel (MIMO MAC) problem with a ...