Draft, do not quote without permission. Fellowship and a project grant from ESRC. 2 Introduction Neuroscientific work on intentions and voluntary actions has tended to focus on very short time scales, immediately before movement onset. As a prime example, the intentions investigated by Benjamin Libet are states that are first consciously experienced on average 200ms before action onset. Libet's...

Introduction: In recent times, conflicts involving wildlife have increased in importance and magnitude. Conservation conflicts occur when two or more parties with strongly held opinions clash over conservation objectives, and when one party is perceived to assert its interest at the expense of another. Conservation conflicts usually emerge from “wildlife impacts”, defined as circumstances where...

T HE DIAGNOSIS of coronary stenosis can be made easily from the history alone if typical symptoms of angina pectoris are present. When these symptoms are atypical, however, the diagnosis is more difficult. For instance, pleural or pericardial irritation, intercostal neuralgia or sternal or humeral bursitis may be aggravated by exercise, and spastic pain from the gastrointestinal tract may be al...

Analogies may arise from the conscious detection of similarities between a present and a past situation. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we tested whether young volunteers would detect analogies unconsciously between a current supraliminal (visible) and a past subliminal (invisible) situation. The subliminal encoding of the past situation precludes awareness of analogy dete...

Inclusive fitness theory predicts that organisms will tend to help close kin more than less related individuals. In a variety of birds and mammals, relatives are recognized by comparing their phenotype to an internal representation or template, which might be learned through either repeated exposure to family members or self-inspection. Mirrors are ubiquitous now, but were absent during our evo...

The aim of this Hypothesis and Theory is to question the recently increasing use of the "race" concept in contemporary genetic, psychiatric, neuroscience as well as social studies. We discuss "race" and related terms used to assign individuals to distinct groups and caution that also concepts such as "ethnicity" or "culture" unduly neglect diversity. We suggest that one factor contributing to t...

We use simple economic insights to develop a framework for distinguishing between prejudice and statistical discrimination using observational data. We focus our inquiry on the enormous literature in healthcare where treatment disparities by race and gender are not explained by access, preferences, or severity. But treatment disparities, by themselves, cannot distinguish between two competing v...

In his recent critique of our article (Kahn, Baker, & Weiss, 1968), Eisenman (1970) noted "three major weaknesses." His first, the confounding of our relaxation treatment with "Rogerian therapy," is based on our report that part of the preinterview asked 5 about other problem areas. To call such an interviewdiscussion Rogerian therapy seems an unfair representation of that treatment approach; t...

Should theological scholarship be satisfied with alreadyexisting theories about revelation and inspiration, or is there room for development of a new understanding of the way in which the Hebrew-Christian Scriptures were originated? In this article I probe the question of the ground or basis for developing a new approach to this doctrine. Further aspects of the topic will be considered in later...

We propose the Selfish Goal model, which holds that a person's behavior is driven by psychological processes called goals that guide his or her behavior, at times in contradictory directions. Goals can operate both consciously and unconsciously, and when activated they can trigger downstream effects on a person's information processing and behavioral possibilities that promote only the attainme...