Background. The question is debated on whether maternal hypothyroidism or use of thyroxin in early pregnancy affects the risk for infant congenital malformations. Objectives. To expand the previously published study on maternal thyroxin use in early pregnancy and the risk for congenital malformations. Methods. Data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register were used for the years 1996-2011 and in...

Epignathus is an extremely rare type of congenital teratoma arising in the oral cavity. Although it is a benign tumor, it is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates because of severe airway obstruction and other malformations. We present a case of epignathus affecting one fetus in a twin pregnancy. The tumor was associated with multiple congenital malformations including cleft palate...

Background: Both maternal and fetal complications are increased in diabetic pregnancies. Although hypertensive complications are increased in pregnant women with pregestational diabetes, reports on hypertensive complications in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been contradictory. Congenital malformations and macrosomia are the main fetal complications in Type 1 diabetic pregn...

Anomalies of the course of the facial nerve have been reported in association with middle and inner ear malformations. Bifurcation of its intratemporal portion is a rare malformation in which focal splitting of one or more facial nerve segments occurs. We describe the CT appearance of this anomaly and discuss its possible embryology. Facial nerve bifurcation is important to recognize in patient...

Chromosomal or segmental aneusomy are an important cause of congenital malformations, emphasizing the need for cytogenetic evaluation. Many congenital malformations, especially those with multi-systemic anomalies present overlapping phenotypic features that could partly be attributed to multiple gene deregulations. Moreover, the expressivity of phenotypic features of a particular syndrome could...

While infections and malnutrition are the dominant causes of infant morbidity and mortality in the poorer countries of the world, 1 in the developed countries these causes are cancer, accidents and congenital malformations. 2,3 In Saudi Arabia, a rich and fast-developing nation with a very effective expanded program on immunization, childhood malnutrition has virtually been eradicated and infec...

Perinatal deaths and major lethal and non-lethal congenital malformations occurring in this hospital from 1979-82 inclusive were related to the ethnic group of the 15 438 mothers. The highest crude perinatal mortality rates occurred in Indian and Pakistani populations (18.3 per 1000 and 24.1 per 1000 respectively). The highest incidence of congenital abnormality also occurred in these groups (1...

to determine easily identifiable congenital anomalies (ca) prevalence and risk factors in the first 24 hours of life in a cross-sectional study we assessed 2291 live born neonates at four teaching hospitals from september 1999 until march 2000 in the south of tehran. data were collected by a structured form which contained neonatal characters including sex, gestational age, birth weight, histor...

Bronchoscopy is an indispensable tool in the clinical evaluation and management of pediatric airway and lung disease. Common indications for pediatric bronchoscopy are varied and extend over a spectrum of congenital, infectious, structural conditions and diagnostic applications . Indications for flexible bronchoscopy in children include the evaluation of stridor, persistent or recurrent wheezin...

INTRODUCTION Congenital lung malformations are rare lesions that are most commonly diagnosed antenatally. Management of such lesions, particularly those that are asymptomatic, remains controversial. We undertook a survey to ascertain current practice of surgeons in the UK and Ireland. METHODS All consultant members of the British Association of Paediatric Surgeons were asked to complete a sur...