Introduction Coronary artery fistulas (CAF) are congenital or acquired formations between the coronary arteries and cardiac chambers or other vascular structures such as the vena cava, pulmonary artery, or veins [1]. Most of these are found incidentally during angiography [2]. Fistulas account for half of all coronary anomalies and are present in 0.002% of the general population. Coronary to pu...

Aim: Congenital vascular malformations of the thorax are not very common. These conditions mostly asymptomatic and detected incidentally on imaging performed for various complaints. In this study, it is aimed to examine incidence congenital thoracic anomalies in our region.Methods: The features patients with non-specific complaints who underwent a Computed Tomography (CT) over 2 years period we...

During the routine dissection of a cadaver a left superior vena cava was noticed passing into the coronary sinus. This condition is not uncommon, but further dissection showed that the coronary sinus ended 1 cm. from the wall of the right atrium. Inspection of the right atrium showed no opening for the coronary sinus and the wall between the opening for the inferior vena cava and the tricuspid ...

introduction:patients with cyanotic heart disease may have an acceptable quality of life. however, they are invariably prone to several complications. the aim of this study is search about hematologic abnormalities in cyanotic congenital heart disease patients. materials and methods:  in this cross sectional study every cyanotic congenital heart disease patients who was referred to the adult co...

objective(s) carbamazepine (cbz) is an antiepileptic drug that is used widely for the treatment of epileptic seizures. neural tube defects (ntds), growth retardation, and nail hypoplasia are the most common features of teratogenic effects of this drug. the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of vitamin b6 on the developmental toxicity of cbz on mice. materials and methods sixty balb...

A double Inferior Vena cava (IVC) was observed during routine dissection of the posterior abdominal wall in a middle aged male cadaver. The left IVC was formed at the Junction of left external and internal iliac veins. It ascended upwards medial to left psoas major and at the level of second Lumbar vertebra, opened into left renal vein. The IVC is a retro peritoneal structure whose location and...

Persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC) is a rare congenital anomaly. Its prevalence in the general population is 0.1 to 0.5%. LSVC is 5 times rarer when accompanied by an absence of the right superior vena cava (RSVC). We present the case of a 54-year-old man who carries a persistent LSVC without RSVC. Clinically, this patient presented a regular bradycardia at 40 per minute associated with ...

Persistence of a left-sided superior vena cava (PLSVC) with absent right superior vena cava (isolated PLSVC) is a very rare venous malformation and commonly associated with congenital heart disease or alterations of the cardiac situs. We describe an unusual case of a young boy presenting with persistent atrial tachycardia and congestive heart failure. He was detected to have unexplained grossly...

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is the most common congenital malformation of thoracic venous return and is present in 0.3 to 0.5% of individuals in the general population. This heart specimen was dissected from a 35-year-old male cadaver whose cause of death was determined as non-cardiac. The heart was examined and we found a PLSVC draining into the coronary sinus. The right superio...

Extensively distended and tortuous vessels on both sides of the uterus are rare incidental findings on transvaginal sonography in early pregnancy. A 31-year-old woman with a history of surgical repair for congenital intestinal stenosis was noted to have utero-ovarian varices on a transvaginal ultrasound examination during her first prenatal visit at 6 weeks' gestation. Magnetic resonance imagin...