in spite of the fact that cementitious and concrete materials are mainly used on a large scale and inhuge quantities for roads, dams, bridges and building constructions, the mechanical behavior of thesematerials depends to a great extend on structural elements and phenomena which are effective on amicro and nanoscale. although this is well known by researchers, material producers and engineersf...

Reinforced concrete elements without transverse reinforcement are vulnerable to shear failure. This premature failure mode prevents structures from developing their full flexural load bearing capacity. It is brittle in nature and occurs with the unstable propagation of cracks limited preventive signs distress. Moreover, associated resistance difficult predict accuracy. uncertainty can lead safe...

For the last fifty years, the design floods of a number of embankment dams were re-evaluated and the revised spillway outflows are often larger than the original design discharges. Several embankment overtopping protection systems were developed for earthfill structures, and the applications range from river dykes to tsunami protections including embankment dams. Well-known designs include timb...

The visual examination of downstream faces of hydro dams is an important component in their monitoring. Few computer vision algorithms exist for this task. Some of them aim to detect and evaluate concrete cracks using edge detection. Other problems can also affect hydro-dams, as roughness, scratches, and can lead in time to surface deterioration. These are not currently reliably addressed by im...

Concrete dams are massive unreinforced quasi-brittle structures prone to cracking from multiple causes. The structural safety assessment of cracked concrete is typically performed using computational analysis through numerical methods, with adequate representation the material model. Advances in last decades including processing power, novel material, and models have enabled remarkable progress...