Development of controlled environment in greenhouse is of prim importance for out of season production, increasing yield and enhancing the quality of produce. Due to high cost and impossibility of continuous human attendance in greenhouse, it is desirable to control the greenhouse environment by employing automatic control devices. In This study, the greenhouse conditions were controlled by usi...

Agriculture will need to significantly intensify in the next decades to continue providing essential nutritive food to a growing global population.However, it can have harmful environmental impacts, due to the use of natural and synthetic resources and the emission of greenhouse gases, which alter the water, carbon and nitrogen cycles, and threaten the fertility, health and biodiversity of land...

[1] Global climate models used in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) are examined for the top-of-atmosphere radiation changes as carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases build up from 1950 to 2100. There is an increase in net radiation absorbed, but not in ways commonly assumed. While there is a large increase in the greenhouse effect from incre...

A (semi-)closed greenhouse is a novel greenhouse with an active cooling system and temporary heat storage in an aquifer. Air is cooled, heated and dehumidified by air treatment units. Climate in (semi-)closed greenhouses differs from that of conventional open greenhouses. The aims of our research were first, to analyze the effect of active cooling on greenhouse climate, in terms of stability, g...

Climate change occurs as a result of absorption of infrared radiation which heats the atmosphere. Greenhouse gas emissions can increase the earth’s average temperatures since the majority of greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide (CO2). Fossil fuels have historically played a major role as the world’s primary source of energy and will continue to assume that role for at least the next few decades....

A model is presented which covers the global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG emissions) and energy consumption (fuels, electricity) in five sectors of end users, industry, transport, buildings, agriculture, fugitive emissions. The electricity sector also considered, but associated GHG are reallocated to users. Different reduction measures were calculated ranging from substitution coal for generat...

BACKGROUND Ginseng is a semishade perennial plant cultivated in sloping, sun-shaded areas in Korea. Recently, owing to air-environmental stress and various fungal diseases, greenhouse cultivation has been suggested as an alternative. However, the optimal light transmission rate (LTR) in the greenhouse has not been established. METHODS The effect of LTR on photosynthesis rate, growth, and gins...

There was worldwide gloom following the Copenhagen conference in December which failed to reach agreement on a new global climate treaty. The eventual Accord fell well short of many expectations. As recently as February, many experts believed that it would be almost impossible to come up with a solution — and new treaty — this year. And the recent controversy about some of the climate change da...

Article history: Received 21 January 2013 Received in revised form 18 August 2013 Accepted 20 August 2013 The effect of aerosols on long wave (LW) radiation was studied based on narrowband LW calculations in a reference mid-latitude summer atmosphere with and without aerosols. Aerosols were added to the narrowband LW scheme based on their typical schematic observed spectral and vertical behavio...