An exploration in the competency of the optical multilevel Mapping Multiplexing Technique (MMT) system in tolerating to the impact of nonlinearities as Self Phase Modulation (SPM) during the presence of dispersion compensation methods. The existence of high energy pulses stimulates deterioration in the chirp compression process attained by SPM which introduces an upper power boundary limit. An ...

Weight loss from exercise-induced energy deficits is usually less than expected. The objective of this systematic review was to investigate predictors of energy compensation, which is defined as body energy changes (fat mass and fat-free mass) over the total amount of exercise energy expenditure. A search was conducted in multiple databases without date limits. Of 4745 studies found, 61 were in...

In this essay, I outline the hypothesis that the preeminence of Silicon Valley as an incubator of technology is attributable to equity compensation. Ronald Gilson, relying on the work of AnnaLee Saxenian, and others who have noted the tendency of Silicon Valley employees to job hop, has suggested that California law prohibiting the enforcement of non-compete agreements was a major factor in the...

Using Stated Preferences Data to Analyze Preferences for Full and Partial Retirement Structural models explaining retirement decisions of individuals or households in an intertemporal setting are typically hard to estimate using data on actual retirement decisions, since choice sets are for a large part unobserved by the researcher. This paper describes an experiment in which both perceived ret...

We describe a new technique that detects periodic motion. Assuming a static camera, we first segment moving objects from the background. By tracking objects of interest, we compute the object’s self-similarity as it evolves in time. For periodic motion, the self-similarity metric is periodic, and is Fourier analyzed to detect and characterize periodicity. Examples on real image sequences are gi...

The effect of compensation on employee performance, satisfaction and organizational commitment is hard to overstate. Designing an effective compensation structure may be a daunting task, in particular with respect of finding a balance between direct and indirect compensation. The paper discusses the challenges and offers best practices for incorporating non-monetary benefits in a compensation p...

In this paper we continue the examination of top executive pay by comparing performance, total pay, and the influence of CEO gender. We analyze compensation differences between male and female CEOs using nonparametric analysis. We calculate the potential compensation for each executive using two benchmarks. First, each executive’s performance and compensation are evaluated relative to members o...

BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that many persons with disabilities caused by work do not receive workers' compensation benefits. METHODS Data from surveys of persons with disabilities were used to estimate the proportion of disability due to work-related injuries and diseases. Studies examining the proportion of workers with work-related disability who received workers' compensation bene...

BACKGROUND Compensation disparities between men and women have been problematic for decades, and there is considerable evidence that the gap cannot be entirely explained by nongender factors. The current study examined the compensation gap in the physician assistant (PA) profession. METHODS Compensation data from 2014 was collected by the American Academy of PAs in 2015. Practice variables, i...

This paper considers optimal compensation for a CEO who is entrusted with administering corporate assets honestly. Optimal compensation designs maximize integrity at minimum cost. These designs are very ‘low powered,’ i.e., while specifying a lower bound for performance and increasing pay with performance, they increase compensation at a rapidly decreasing rate. Thus, integrity considerations e...