Coral reef fishes are among the most colourful animals in the world. Given the diversity of lifestyles and habitats on the reef, it is probable that in many instances coloration is a compromise between crypsis and communication. However, human observation of this coloration is biased by our primate visual system. Most animals have visual systems that are 'tuned' differently to humans; optimized...

In this work, liquid colour-changing lenses for vision protection, camouflage and optical filtering are developed by circulating colour liquids through microfluidic channels on the lenses manually. Soft lithography technology is applied to fabricate the silicone liquid colour-changing layers with microfluidic channels on the lenses instead of mechanical machining. To increase the hardness and a...

Ultraviolet radiation dosimetry has been performed with the use of a radiochromic film dosimeter called Gafchromic EBT for solar radiation exposure. The film changes from a clear colour to blue colour when exposed to ultraviolet radiation and results have shown that the colour change is reproducible within ±10% at 5 kJ m(-2) UV exposure under various conditions of solar radiation. Parameters te...

The skin colour of red porgy, Pagrus pagrus, can be modified by exposure to different background colours. Red and white background colours brighten the dark skin colour that develops under common culture conditions in red porgy. To assess whether skin colour is also modified by aquaculture related handling stress, we subjected red porgy to 5 min of netting stress combined with air exposure. Fis...

We present a detailed analysis of the photometric properties of galaxies in the cluster A 2163B at redshift z ∼ 0.2. R-, Iand K-band structural parameters, (half light radius Re, mean surface brightness <μ>e within Re and Sersic index n) are derived for N ∼ 60 galaxies, and are used to study their internal colour gradients. For the first time, we use the slopes of optical-NIR Kormendy relations...

Success of genetic association and the prediction of phenotypic traits from DNA are known to depend on the accuracy of phenotype characterization, amongst other parameters. To overcome limitations in the characterization of human iris pigmentation, we introduce a fully automated approach that specifies the areal proportions proposed to represent differing pigmentation types, such as pheomelanin...

60 Abstract: Information security has become a cause of concern because of the electronic eavesdropping. For hiding secret information in images, there exist a large variety of steganographic techniques. Some of them are more complex than others and all of them have respective strong and weak points. Different applications have different requirements of the steganography technique used. For exa...