Neoplasia, ageing, and genetic instability due to defective caretaker genes * Sir, In all human populations, cancer prevalence and ge-nomic instability increase as a function of age, suggesting that loss of genetic homeostasis contributes to car-cinogenesis. Loss of genetic homeostasis is reflected by the accumulation of chromosome damage and DNA alterations which result from age-dependent decr...

Behavioural interventions for paediatric obesity are promising, but detailed information on treatment fidelity (i.e. design, training, delivery, receipt and enactment) is needed to optimize the implementation of more effective interventions. Little is known about current practices for reporting treatment fidelity in paediatric obesity studies. This systematic review, in accordance with Preferre...

Engineering problems often involve data sources of variable fidelity with different costs of obtaining an observation. In particular, one can use both a cheap low fidelity function (e.g. a computational experiment with a CFD code) and an expensive high fidelity function (e.g. a wind tunnel experiment) to generate a data sample in order to construct a regression model of a high fidelity function...

BACKGROUND Airway management and endotracheal intubation are essential skills for pediatric residents. Simulation-based technology is used for training residents but it remains unclear whether high fidelity simulation results in better retention of skills compared to low fidelity. The study assesses high fidelity simulation of endotracheal intubation and traditional low fidelity training in imp...

BACKGROUND: Fidelity scales are used to monitor adherence to evidence-based practices. The underlying assumption is that high fidelity predicts better outcomes. The IPS-25 is a fidelity scale measuring adherence to the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model. A previous study found a significant association between the IPS-25 and competitive employment outcome. The current study sought to ...

Clonal growth allows plants to spread horizontally and to experience different levels of resources. If ramets remain physiologically integrated, clonal plants can reciprocally translocate resources between ramets in heterogeneous environments. But little is known about the interaction between benefits of clonal integration and patterns of resource heterogeneity in different patches, i.e., coinc...

Background Reconstruction of clonal evolution is critical for understanding tumor progression and implementing personalized therapies. This is often done by clustering somatic variants based on their cellular prevalence estimated via bulk tumor sequencing of multiple samples. The clusters, consisting of the clonal marker variants, are then ordered based on their estimated cellular prevalence to...