Introduction: Tessier facial cleft is among the rarest facial clefts reported in literatures and there are many issues arguing about its multidisciplinary repairing techniques. Tessier number 4 and 5 are extremely rare facial anomalies. There are few literatures describing these clefts and their surgical modalities. Number 5 Tessier cleft begins medial to oral commissure in the upper lip and ex...

Multiple immune factors control host responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, including the formation of granulomas, which are aggregates of immune cells whose function may reflect success or failure of the host to contain infection. One such factor is TNF-a. TNF-a has been experimentally characterized to have the following activities in M. tuberculosis infection: macrophage activatio...

INTRODUCTION From an epidemiological point of view, non-syndromic orofacial clefts are the most common oral congenital deformities worldwide. OBJECTIVE Family histories were traced and socioeconomic risk factors were identified for non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. MATERIAL AND METHODS A case-control study was carried out with 208 cases of non-syndromic cleft lip with or...

background and aims. the correlation between morphology of giant cells in peripheral granulomas of the jaws and the aggressive behavior of the lesion is unknown. this study investigated the correlation between the histopathologic features with demographic, gross and radiographic findings in giant cell granulomas. materials and methods. in this analytical study, data from 23 cases of central gia...

idiopathic cd4+ lymphocytopenia is a rare combined immunodeficiency disease, characterized by low cd4+ t-cell count and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections, autoimmunity and malignancies after exclusion of secondary forms of cd4 lymphocytopenia. here we present a 13-year old boy who was referred to our center because of destructive ulceration of soft and hard palates with exten...

conclusions based on 8.2 mm cut-off point could differentiate 83% periapical granulomas and 79% radicular cysts from radiography images. background the distinction between radicular cysts and apical granulomas is important in treatment decision. objectives the current study aimed to differentiate these two lesions based on radiography images. results average size of radiography in periapical gr...

Cleft lip (cheiloschisis) and cleft palate (palatoschisis) can occur individual or together. Individuals with CLP may experience problems with feeding, speaking, hearing and social integration that can be corrected to varying degrees by surgery, dental treatment, speech therapy and psychological intervention. In India over 35,000 babies per year are affected. This review signifies the etiologic...