If an air flow is injected into a liquid fluid, many ambulant air bubbles are formed inside the fluid. Air bubbles move inside the liquid fluid because of the buoyancy force, and the mobility of these air bubbles makes sizable commixture and turbulence inside the fluid. This mechanism was employed to enhance the heat transfer rate of a horizontal double pipe heat exchanger in this paper. Howeve...

A subcritical transition to turbulence in magnetized Keplerian shear flows is investigated by using a statistical approach. Three-dimensional numerical simulations of the shearing box equations with zero net magnetic flux are employed to determine the transition from decaying to sustained turbulence as a function of the magnetic Reynolds number R{m}. The results reveal no clear transition to su...

This study investigates the effect of air inlet size on (i) the flowfield generated in a dry powder inhaler, and (ii) the device-specific resistance, and the subsequent effect on powder deagglomeration. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was used to simulate the flowfield generated in an Aerolizer with different air inlet sizes at 30, 45, and 60 l/min. Dispersion performance of the mod...

Simultaneous measurements of turbulent vertical velocity fluctuations at a height of 300 ft. measured by means of a fixed anemometer, small floating balloons, and airplane gust equipment at Brookhaven are presented. The resulting Eulerian (fixed anemometer) turbulence energy mectra are similar to the Lagrangian (balloon) spectra but "-with a displacement toward higher frequencies. The term Eule...

The primary research goal is to develop techniques to determine subsurface turbulence from remote measurements using infrared imaging of the skin layer. We aim to infer flow rate, turbulence intensity and subsurface-generated turbulent structures from surface temperature patterns. We will take advantage of the two complementary indicators of subsurface flow provided by IR imagery: the thermal s...

In this experimental study, a column of heavy gas (SF6) surrounded by light gas (air) is accelerated by a planar Mach 1.2 shock. Richtmyer-Meshkov instability on the initially diffuse air-SF6 interface determines the repeatable large-scale vortex dynamics of the system after the shock passage. Subsequently secondary instabilities form, with the system eventually transitioning to turbulence. We ...

The two-phase gas-liquid flow properties of high-velocity open channel flows were studied experimentally in a large-size channel. The physical facility was equipped with a succession of triangular cavities associated with some strong interactions between air entrainment and flow turbulence. Detailed air-water flow measurements were collected with intrusive phase-detection probes for several flo...