Isolated Escherichia coli K-12 cell envelopes or Bacillus subtilis 168 cell walls were reacted with smectite or kaolinite clay in distilled deionized water (pH 6.0); unbound envelopes or walls were separated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and the extent of adsorption was calculated. At saturation, both clays adsorbed approximately 1.0 mg (dry weight) of envelopes or walls per mg (d...

A bench work study was carried out to investigate the use of kaolinitic clay containing 29.4% Al2O3 extremely abundant in Saudi Arabia for the production of pure alumina by calcination at 700 o C for 1h (recommended by previous investigators) then leached by hydrochloric acid. The effects of leaching temperature (25 o C to boiling temperature), period of activation (10-150 minutes), acid concen...

This study investigated the effects of layered clay on the thermal curing behavior and tensile properties of resole phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin/clay/cellulose nanocomposites. The thermal curing behavior of the nanocomposite was characterized using conventional differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature modulated (TMDSC). The addition of clay was found to accelerate resin curing,...

The use of clay materials for the production of emulsion paints was investigated. Two types of clay: White tinged with Purple and Smooth clay (WSP) and Grey Brown and Coarse clay (GBC), were used for the production of Emulsion Clay Paints (ECP). Conventional Chemical pigmented Paint (CP) was also produced as a control. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, (AAS) was used to determine the chemical com...

In this paper, the possibility of using fine scrap tyre rubber to improve mechanical properties soil subjected cyclic loading is addressed. Ground (0.1–0.8 mm) in various proportions (0, 9, 33% and 100% by weight) was mixed with a uniform river sand lean clay. Cyclic triaxial tests bender elements were executed observe behaviour materials also determine damping shear stiffness parameters. The r...

The article investigates the possibilities of obtaining high–quality expanded clay based on Gurlen deposit Republic Uzbekistan, with additives from local oil and fat combines – gossypol pitch dune sand Tuprakkala massif. It is determined that addition to raw mixture within specified limits significantly increases swelling mass. was also mass (together pitch) in moderate quantities contributes a...

Towards establishing a first-principles physical link between the field-behavior and microstructure of oil-based drilling fluid (OBDF), we study rheology an OBDF its variation with different contents water, clay viscosifier, or barite weighting agent during steady dynamic rheological phenomena, develop “cryo-preserved” experimental methodology towards in-situ microscopy. Rheological data was co...

The Maya blue (MB) is an artificial pigment created between 500-800 A.D. and used in murals, pottery and sculptures by Mayas and other people in Mesoamerica. MB is resistant to age, acid, weathering, biodegradation and even modern chemical solvents, but the chemical reasons behind the resistance to chemical aggressions are still under debate. Water plays a fundamental role in the interactions b...

Many termite species use clay to build foraging galleries and mound-nests. In some cases clay is placed within excavations of their wooden food, such as living trees or timber in buildings; however the purpose for this clay is unclear. We tested the hypotheses that termites can identify load bearing wood, and that they use clay to provide mechanical support of the load and thus allow them to ea...

Clay mineral-containing nanocomposite hydrogels have been proven to have exceptional composition, properties, and applications, and consequently have attracted a significant amount of research effort over the past few years. The objective of this paper is to summarize and evaluate scientific advances in clay mineral-containing nanocomposite hydrogels in terms of their specific preparation, form...