Migraine is a common, disabling, and undertreated episodic brain disorder that is more common in women than in men. Unbiased genome-wide association studies have identified 13 migraine-associated variants pointing at genes that cluster in pathways for glutamatergic neurotransmission, synaptic function, pain sensing, metalloproteinases, and the vasculature. The individual pathogenetic contributi...

BACKGROUND An association between restless legs syndrome and migraine has been reported recently. The clinical correlates and impact of comorbidity of restless legs syndrome (RLS) are not fully described in patients with migraine. OBJECTIVES To investigate the frequency of RLS among different primary headache disorders, and its impact and clinical correlates in migraine patients. METHODS Co...

OBJECTIVE It is uncertain whether migraine prevalence has increased in modern society. The aim of this study was to assess any change in migraine prevalence over an 8-year period among the adult population in Denmark. DESIGN Prospective longitudinal population-based study. SETTING 30 000 twin individuals were invited to participate in two cross-sectional questionnaire surveys containing val...

BACKGROUND Studies have linked migraine with aura to an increased risk of ischemic stroke, particularly among women. Data on the relationship of migraine and functional outcome from ischemic cerebral events are sparse. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a prospective cohort study among 27 852 women enrolled in the Women's Health Study for whom we had information on migraine and measured cholesterol...

Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by an increased individual susceptibility to respond to certain triggers by a propagating wave of neuronal depolarization that culminates in typical migraine headaches. Patients with a patent foramen ovale or any kind of right-to-left shunt are more likely to have migraine; and patients with migraine with aura are more likely to have a patent fo...

Patients with migraine often report cognitive complaints, especially regarding attention and memory. Objective To perform a systematic review of the studies available on cognitive evaluation in patients with migraine. Methods We evaluated all articles containing the key words: "Migraine", "Cognition" and "Cognitive Impairment." Results The search strategy resulted in 23 articles. Fifteen ...

Migraine is a common, debilitating and costly disorder. Yet help-seeking for and rates of diagnosis of migraine are low. Drawing on ethnographic observations of pharmaceutical marketing practices at professional headache conferences and a content analysis of migraine advertising, principally in the USA, this paper demonstrates: (1) that the pharmaceutical industry directs its marketing of migra...

Recent studies suggest that migraine may be associated with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel syndrome, and celiac disease. Here, an overview of the associations between migraine and GI disorders is presented, as well as possible mechanistic links and clinical implications. People who regularly experience GI symptoms have a higher prev...

High prevalence of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) infection has been reported on the island of Sardinia. Among emigrants from Sardinia, rates of HHV-8 infection are lower than they are in Sardinia and are similar to those observed in the local population. Thus, environmental factors seem to play a relevant role in affecting the prevalence of HHV-8 infection.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of incident transformed migraine on health care resource utilization, medication use, and productivity loss. In addition, the study estimates the total direct and indirect costs associated with transformed migraine. BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates that migraine may be a chronic progressive disorder characterized by escalating frequency of headache attac...