OBJECTIVE To develop a standardized validated version of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) in Urdu. METHODS After translation of the HAM-D into the Urdu language following standard guidelines, the final Urdu version (HAM-D-U) was administered to 160 depressed outpatients. Inter-item correlation was assessed by calculating Cronbach alpha. Correlation between HAM-D-U scores at ba...

BACKGROUND Handgrip strength is currently considered a predictor of overall muscle strength and functional capacity. Therefore, it is important to find reliable and affordable instruments for this analysis, such as the modified sphygmomanometer test (MST). OBJECTIVES To assess the concurrent criterion validity of the MST, to compare the MST with the Jamar dynamometer, and to analyze the repro...

Correlation and regression are different, but not mutually exclusive, techniques. Roughly, regression is used for prediction (which does not extrapolate beyond the data used in the analysis) whereas correlation is used to determine the degree of association. There situations in which the x variable is not fixed or readily chosen by the experimenter, but instead is a random covariate to the y va...

Properties, such as specific heat, viscosity, and thermal conductivity, are important thermophysical properties in any heat transfer study. Today, these properties are known for numerous fluids, however, there are still many fluids which have not been measured, especially those under the classification of refrigerant mixtures. This paper proposes a new approach for simultaneously measuring thes...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mandibular dental and basal arch forms in subjects with normal occlusion and compare them with those of Class III malocclusion using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS CBCT images of 32 normal occlusion (19 males, 13 females; 24.3 years) and 33 Class III malocclusion subjects (20 males, 13 females, ...

Background The overall proportion of female physician is increasing worldwide. However, its ratio exhibits a substantial diversity among each member country of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). This study aimed to reveal the social factors of countries associated with the percentage of female physicians....

Introduction: Sensory Gating Inventory (SGI) measures behavioral aspects of Sensory Gating (SG). It is a filtering mechanism of brain that prevents irrelevant sensory inputs from entering into higher cortex information processing. It modifies sensitivity to sensory stimuli. Abnormal SG leads to overloading of information into cortex and brain dysfunction. Electrophysiological techniques cannot ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the Agility and Skill Test, which had been recently developed to assess agility and skill in female athletes. Following a 10 min warm-up, two trials to test the reliability and validity of the test were conducted one week apart. Measurements were collected to compare soccer players' physical performance in a 20 m sprint, a T-Drill test, the Illinois Agility...

Based on the point of view of geometrical representation of an intuitionistic fuzzy set, we take into account all three parameters describing intuitionistic fuzzy set, propose a kind of new method to calculate correlation and correlation coefficient of intuitionistic fuzzy sets which is similar to the cosine of the intersectional angle in finite sets and probability space, respectively. Further...