[1] Snow/ice albedo is a critical variable in surface energy balance calculations. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data have been used routinely to provide global land surface albedo. The MODIS algorithm includes atmospheric correction, surface reflectance angular modeling, and narrowband to broadband albedo conversion. In an earlier study, a ‘‘direct retrieval’’ metho...

The variability of the Sahelian albedo is investigated through the combined analysis of five years of in situ radiation data from the AMMA northernmost sites (Agoufou 1°28’W, 15°20’N and Bamba 1°24’W, 17°06’N Mali) and remotely sensed albedo from seven years of MODIS data. Both datasets are found to be in good agreement in terms of correlation and bias. The drivers of albedo variability are ide...

We present a global assessment of the relationships between the short-wave surface albedo of forests, derived from the MODIS satellite instrument product at 0.5° spatial resolution, with simulated atmospheric nitrogen deposition rates (Ndep ), and climatic variables (mean annual temperature Tm and total annual precipitation P), compiled at the same spatial resolution. The analysis was performed...

Land surface albedo, a key parameter to derive Earth’s surface energy balance, is used in the parameterization of numerical weather prediction, climate monitoring and climate change impact assessments. Changes in albedo due to fire have not been fully investigated on a continental and global scale. The main goal of this study, therefore, is to quantify the changes in instantaneous shortwave alb...

We estimate the optical signal for an oceanographic lidar from the one-dimensional transient (time-dependent) radiative transfer equation using the discrete ordinates method. An oceanographic lidar directs a pulsed blue or green laser into the ocean and measures the time-dependent backscattered light. A large number of parameters affect the performance of such a system. Here the optical signal ...

[1] A parameterization for broadband snow surface albedo, based on snow grain size evolution, cloud optical thickness, and solar zenith angle, is implemented into a regional climate model for Antarctica and validated against field observations of albedo for the period 1995–2004. Over the Antarctic continent, modeled snow grain size exhibits expected behavior. The agreement between modeled and o...

T o t a l hemispherical shortwave reflectance (albedo) is a major parameter of interest for studies of land surface climatology and global change. Efforts' to estimate albedo from remote sensing data have been constrained by the available instrumentation that typically provide observations of reflected radiance from a single view direction in narrow spectral bands'. However, the capability to o...

The single scattering albedo o0l in atmospheric radiative transfer is the ratio of the scattering coefficient to the extinction coefficient. For cloud water droplets both the scattering and absorption coefficients, thus the single scattering albedo, are functions of wavelength l and droplet size r. This note shows that for water droplets at weakly absorbing wavelengths, the ratio o0l(r)/o0l(r0)...

Penicillium digitatum causes severe damage to postharvest and stored citrus fruits, making it necessary seek acceptable solutions limiting environmental sanitary impacts. The seaweed liquid extracts (SLEs) obtained from the green macroalgae Ulva lactuca have previously shown anti-fungal activities towards mold due P. digitatum. Moreover, treatment with aqueous ethanolic had an influence on dise...

Beginning in 1993, Florida’s citrus industry has been invaded by citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), brown citrus aphid (Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy, Homoptera: Aphididae), and the Asian citrus psylla (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, Homoptera: Psyllidae). The source(s) of these pests remain unknown but other countries in the Caribbean, as well as Centra...